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Filing Fee Refunded in Habeas Case
A federal district court in Massachusetts held that a habeas petitioner had incorrectly been required to pay the appellate filing fee. Because the Prison Litigation Reform Act's (PLRA) filing fee requirements do not apply to habeas petitions the court ordered the filing fee refunded to the prisoner. See: Austin v. Vose, 40 F. Supp.2d 487 (D MA 1999).
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Related legal case
Austin v. Vose
| Year | 1999 |
|---|---|
| Cite | 40 F. Supp.2d 487 (D MA 1999) |
| Level | District Court |
THOMAS H. AUSTIN, Plaintiff, v. GEORGE A. VOSE, THOMAS F. REILLY, n1 Defendants.
n1 Thomas F. Reilly has been substituted for the original defendant, L. Scott Harshbarger, under Fed. R. Civ. P. 25(d)(1).
CIVIL ACTION NO. 96-10690-WGY
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS
40 F. Supp. 2d 487; 1999 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 3691
March 22, 1999, Decided
DISPOSITION: [**1] Austin's motion to return filing fees amount of $ 105.00 granted and Clerk directed to make such payment.
COUNSEL: THOMAS H. AUSTIN, Petitioner, Pro se, Cranston, RI.
For GEORGE A. VOSE, JR., L. SCOTT HARSHBARGER, Respondents: Susanne G. Levsen, Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Bureau, Boston, MA.
JUDGES: WILLIAM G. YOUNG, CHIEF JUDGE.
OPINIONBY: WILLIAM G. YOUNG
OPINION:
[*487] MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
YOUNG, C.J.
March 22, 1999
I. Background
Petitioner Thomas H. Austin ("Austin") filed a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. ç 2254 in this Court on April 12, 1996. A week later, this Court denied Austin's petition. See Austin v. Vose, No. 96-10690 (D. Mass. Apr. 19, 1996). Preparing to appeal to the First Circuit, Austin filed a motion in this Court to proceed in forma pauperis. See PL. Mot. to Proceed in Forma Pauperis (July 17, 1996). In that motion, Austin specifically sought "permission to proceed in forma pauperis on Appeal." Id. at 1 (emphasis added). This Court granted the Motion on August 8, 1996, and Austin paid no fees for his appeal.
Upon appeal, the First Circuit Court of Appeals vacated this Court's dismissal in part as premature and remanded the [**2] case for further consideration. See Austin v. Vose, No. 96-1989, slip op. at 2 (1st Cir. Jan. 2, 1997). After due consideration, this Court proceeded again to deny the petition on October 22, 1997. See Austin v. Vose, No. 96-10690, slip op. at 6 (D. Mass. Oct. 22, 1997). The Court granted Austin's request for a certificate of appealability and Austin again appealed. Prior to his second appeal, however, and for reasons not entirely clear, Austin paid $ 105.00 in appellate filing fees pursuant to 28 U.S.C. ç 1913. The First Circuit affirmed this Court's decision on June 19, 1998. See Austin v. Vose, 1998 U.S. App. LEXIS 13181, No. 98-1218, slip op. at 2 (1st Cir. June 19, 1998). Now Austin wants his money back.
II. Analysis
It is clear beyond peradventure that a losing litigant is not entitled to the return of his filing fees, see 28 U.S.C. ç 1914(a) (noting that the "clerk of each district court shall require the parties" to [*488] pay filing fees without provision for their return) (emphasis added), and Austin does not contend the contrary. Instead, Austin states he is entitled to the return of the fee because he filed his petition prior to the enactment of the Antiterrorism and Effective [**3] Death Penalty Act of 1996 and thus the payment of the filing fee "was wrong." Pl. Mem. at 1. Since the Court cannot discern any reason why this argument might warrant a return of the filing fee, this Court denies the motion on Austin's proffered ground.
It is possible, though, that Austin meant to emphasize the fact that he filed his petition prior to the enactment of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (the "Act"), 28 U.S.C. ç 1915, which created a new requirement that prisoners proceeding in forma pauperis pay appellate filing fees and costs. This argument, standing alone, is insufficient to justify the return of Austin's filing fee because the Act applies to appeals filed after April 26, 1996, even if the initial petition was filed prior to that date. See Shabazz v. Parsons, 127 F.3d 1246, 1247-48 (10th Cir. 1997). Austin did not file his second appeal until 1998. A more fruitful argument, however, stems from the fact that Austin is a state prisoner. Although the Act states that "a prisoner [who] brings a civil action or files an appeal in forma pauperis . . . shall be required to pay the full amount of a filing fee," 28 U.S.C. ç 1915(b)(1), the First Circuit has held [**4] that the Act "does not apply to habeas petitions prosecuted in federal courts by state prisoners" because Congress did not intend to include habeas actions under the "civil action" label. See Martin v. Bissonette, 118 F.3d 871, 874 (1st Cir. 1997) (allowing appeal of prisoner who brought habeas appeal without paying filing fees because he was "eligible" to proceed in forma pauperis d). That being so, this Court's approval of Austin's right to proceed in forma pauperis entitled him to appeal his case for a second time n2 "without prepayment of fees or security therefor." 28 U.S.C. ç 1915(a)(1).
n2 Although the change in a litigant's economic circumstances may cause a litigant to lose his pauper status, see, e.g., Treff v. Galetka, 74 F.3d 191, 197 (10th Cir. 1996), there is no indication that Austin's finances improved prior to his second appeal and thus no reason why he need reestablish his indigent status before his second appeal.
III. Conclusion
For the aforementioned reasons, Austin's [**5] motion to return filing fees in the amount of $ 105.00 is granted and the Clerk is directed to make such payment.
WILLIAM G. YOUNG
CHIEF JUDGE
n1 Thomas F. Reilly has been substituted for the original defendant, L. Scott Harshbarger, under Fed. R. Civ. P. 25(d)(1).
CIVIL ACTION NO. 96-10690-WGY
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS
40 F. Supp. 2d 487; 1999 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 3691
March 22, 1999, Decided
DISPOSITION: [**1] Austin's motion to return filing fees amount of $ 105.00 granted and Clerk directed to make such payment.
COUNSEL: THOMAS H. AUSTIN, Petitioner, Pro se, Cranston, RI.
For GEORGE A. VOSE, JR., L. SCOTT HARSHBARGER, Respondents: Susanne G. Levsen, Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Bureau, Boston, MA.
JUDGES: WILLIAM G. YOUNG, CHIEF JUDGE.
OPINIONBY: WILLIAM G. YOUNG
OPINION:
[*487] MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
YOUNG, C.J.
March 22, 1999
I. Background
Petitioner Thomas H. Austin ("Austin") filed a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. ç 2254 in this Court on April 12, 1996. A week later, this Court denied Austin's petition. See Austin v. Vose, No. 96-10690 (D. Mass. Apr. 19, 1996). Preparing to appeal to the First Circuit, Austin filed a motion in this Court to proceed in forma pauperis. See PL. Mot. to Proceed in Forma Pauperis (July 17, 1996). In that motion, Austin specifically sought "permission to proceed in forma pauperis on Appeal." Id. at 1 (emphasis added). This Court granted the Motion on August 8, 1996, and Austin paid no fees for his appeal.
Upon appeal, the First Circuit Court of Appeals vacated this Court's dismissal in part as premature and remanded the [**2] case for further consideration. See Austin v. Vose, No. 96-1989, slip op. at 2 (1st Cir. Jan. 2, 1997). After due consideration, this Court proceeded again to deny the petition on October 22, 1997. See Austin v. Vose, No. 96-10690, slip op. at 6 (D. Mass. Oct. 22, 1997). The Court granted Austin's request for a certificate of appealability and Austin again appealed. Prior to his second appeal, however, and for reasons not entirely clear, Austin paid $ 105.00 in appellate filing fees pursuant to 28 U.S.C. ç 1913. The First Circuit affirmed this Court's decision on June 19, 1998. See Austin v. Vose, 1998 U.S. App. LEXIS 13181, No. 98-1218, slip op. at 2 (1st Cir. June 19, 1998). Now Austin wants his money back.
II. Analysis
It is clear beyond peradventure that a losing litigant is not entitled to the return of his filing fees, see 28 U.S.C. ç 1914(a) (noting that the "clerk of each district court shall require the parties" to [*488] pay filing fees without provision for their return) (emphasis added), and Austin does not contend the contrary. Instead, Austin states he is entitled to the return of the fee because he filed his petition prior to the enactment of the Antiterrorism and Effective [**3] Death Penalty Act of 1996 and thus the payment of the filing fee "was wrong." Pl. Mem. at 1. Since the Court cannot discern any reason why this argument might warrant a return of the filing fee, this Court denies the motion on Austin's proffered ground.
It is possible, though, that Austin meant to emphasize the fact that he filed his petition prior to the enactment of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (the "Act"), 28 U.S.C. ç 1915, which created a new requirement that prisoners proceeding in forma pauperis pay appellate filing fees and costs. This argument, standing alone, is insufficient to justify the return of Austin's filing fee because the Act applies to appeals filed after April 26, 1996, even if the initial petition was filed prior to that date. See Shabazz v. Parsons, 127 F.3d 1246, 1247-48 (10th Cir. 1997). Austin did not file his second appeal until 1998. A more fruitful argument, however, stems from the fact that Austin is a state prisoner. Although the Act states that "a prisoner [who] brings a civil action or files an appeal in forma pauperis . . . shall be required to pay the full amount of a filing fee," 28 U.S.C. ç 1915(b)(1), the First Circuit has held [**4] that the Act "does not apply to habeas petitions prosecuted in federal courts by state prisoners" because Congress did not intend to include habeas actions under the "civil action" label. See Martin v. Bissonette, 118 F.3d 871, 874 (1st Cir. 1997) (allowing appeal of prisoner who brought habeas appeal without paying filing fees because he was "eligible" to proceed in forma pauperis d). That being so, this Court's approval of Austin's right to proceed in forma pauperis entitled him to appeal his case for a second time n2 "without prepayment of fees or security therefor." 28 U.S.C. ç 1915(a)(1).
n2 Although the change in a litigant's economic circumstances may cause a litigant to lose his pauper status, see, e.g., Treff v. Galetka, 74 F.3d 191, 197 (10th Cir. 1996), there is no indication that Austin's finances improved prior to his second appeal and thus no reason why he need reestablish his indigent status before his second appeal.
III. Conclusion
For the aforementioned reasons, Austin's [**5] motion to return filing fees in the amount of $ 105.00 is granted and the Clerk is directed to make such payment.
WILLIAM G. YOUNG
CHIEF JUDGE