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Inmate Compensation Program Applies to Federal Pretrial Detainees
Inmate Compensation Program Applies to Federal Pretrial Detainees, Is Exclusive Remedy for Work-Related Injury
The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals held that the Inmate Compensation Program (ICP) at 18 U.S.C. § 4126(c) applies to pretrial federal detainees.
Leo Paschal was a pretrial detainee at the Metropolitan Correctional Center, a federal jail, in Chicago, Illinois, when he slipped and fell on a wet floor while working. Paschal filed a suit against the United States, under the Federal Tort Claims Act.
On the government's motion, the district court dismissed the suit, holding that the ICP provided Paschal's exclusive remedy. See e.g., United States v. Demko, 385 U.S. 149, 152, 87 S.Ct. 382 (1966); and Bagola v. Kindt, 39 F.3d 779, 780 (7th Cir. 1995).
On appeal the court noted that "this is the first reported case in which the inmate was a pretrial detainee rather than a convicted prisoner." The court explained that "[a] federal inmate is a person in federal custody; the reason for his being an inmate is irrelevant to his status as an inmate." The court then noted that the policies of the Bureau of Prisoners (BOP) "are generally applicable to pretrial detainees and convicted prisoners alike" and that the BOP amended its ICP regulations to expressly include "pretrial inmate."
Ultimately, the court concluded: "[w]e cannot think of any reason why Congress would have wanted the two classes of prison workers distinguished, and we therefore agree with the district court that the statute applies to pretrial detainees." See: Paschal v. United States, 302 F.3d 768 (7th Cir. 2002).
The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals held that the Inmate Compensation Program (ICP) at 18 U.S.C. § 4126(c) applies to pretrial federal detainees.
Leo Paschal was a pretrial detainee at the Metropolitan Correctional Center, a federal jail, in Chicago, Illinois, when he slipped and fell on a wet floor while working. Paschal filed a suit against the United States, under the Federal Tort Claims Act.
On the government's motion, the district court dismissed the suit, holding that the ICP provided Paschal's exclusive remedy. See e.g., United States v. Demko, 385 U.S. 149, 152, 87 S.Ct. 382 (1966); and Bagola v. Kindt, 39 F.3d 779, 780 (7th Cir. 1995).
On appeal the court noted that "this is the first reported case in which the inmate was a pretrial detainee rather than a convicted prisoner." The court explained that "[a] federal inmate is a person in federal custody; the reason for his being an inmate is irrelevant to his status as an inmate." The court then noted that the policies of the Bureau of Prisoners (BOP) "are generally applicable to pretrial detainees and convicted prisoners alike" and that the BOP amended its ICP regulations to expressly include "pretrial inmate."
Ultimately, the court concluded: "[w]e cannot think of any reason why Congress would have wanted the two classes of prison workers distinguished, and we therefore agree with the district court that the statute applies to pretrial detainees." See: Paschal v. United States, 302 F.3d 768 (7th Cir. 2002).
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Related legal case
Paschal v. United States
| Year | 2002 |
|---|---|
| Cite | 302 F.3d 768 (7th Cir. 2002) |
| Level | Court of Appeals |
Paschal v. United States, 302 F.3d 768 (7th Cir. 09/11/2002)
[1] U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit
[2] No. 02-2005
[3] 302 F.3d 768, 2002
[4] September 11, 2002
[5] LEO PASCHAL, PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT,
v.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, DEFENDANT-APPELLEE.
[6] Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 01 C 4385--Matthew F. Kennelly, Judge.
[7] Before Posner, Kanne, and Rovner, Circuit Judges.
[8] The opinion of the court was delivered by: Posner, Circuit Judge
[9] SUBMITTED JUNE 19, 2002
[10] Leo Paschal, an inmate in a federal prison, has asked us to appoint counsel for him in this appeal. For reasons explained in an unpublished order issued today, we deny the motion and summarily affirm the judgment of the district court. This published opinion is limited to a single issue, one on which there is, surprisingly, no case law.
[11] While a pretrial detainee at the Metropolitan Correctional Center in Chicago, a federal jail, Paschal slipped and fell on a wet floor in the prison's kitchen, where he was working. He sued the United States under the Federal Tort Claims Act. On motion by the government, the district court dismissed the suit because the Inmate Compensation Program, 18 U.S.C. § 4126(c), the judge ruled, provided Paschal's exclusive remedy. That Act provides the exclusive remedy for federal inmates injured while working, United States v. Demko, 385 U.S. 149, 152 (1966); Bagola v. Kindt, 39 F.3d 779, 780 (7th Cir. 1995), but this is the first reported case in which the inmate was a pretrial detainee rather than a convicted prisoner. A federal inmate is a person in federal custody; the reason for his being an inmate is irrelevant to his status as an inmate. Policies administered by the Bureau of Prisons are generally applicable to pretrial detainees and convicted prisoners alike, see 28 C.F.R. § 500.1(c), and it is relevant to note that in 1994 the Bureau amended its regulation defining "release" (inmates injured during service in a prison industry or workplace may not file claims under the ICP until no more than 45 days remain before their scheduled release from federal custody, 28 C.F.R. § 301.303(a)) to include in the term "final discharge from incarceration of a pretrial inmate." 28 C.F.R. § 301.102(b)(1). (A "pretrial inmate" is expressly defined to include "a person awaiting trial, being tried, or awaiting a verdict." 28 C.F.R. § 551.101(a).) Previously the regulation had defined "release" to exclude "pretrial inmate." We cannot think of any reason why Congress would have wanted the two classes of prison workers distinguished, and we therefore agree with the district court that the statute applies to pretrial detainees.
[12] AFFIRMED.
[1] U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit
[2] No. 02-2005
[3] 302 F.3d 768, 2002
[4] September 11, 2002
[5] LEO PASCHAL, PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT,
v.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, DEFENDANT-APPELLEE.
[6] Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 01 C 4385--Matthew F. Kennelly, Judge.
[7] Before Posner, Kanne, and Rovner, Circuit Judges.
[8] The opinion of the court was delivered by: Posner, Circuit Judge
[9] SUBMITTED JUNE 19, 2002
[10] Leo Paschal, an inmate in a federal prison, has asked us to appoint counsel for him in this appeal. For reasons explained in an unpublished order issued today, we deny the motion and summarily affirm the judgment of the district court. This published opinion is limited to a single issue, one on which there is, surprisingly, no case law.
[11] While a pretrial detainee at the Metropolitan Correctional Center in Chicago, a federal jail, Paschal slipped and fell on a wet floor in the prison's kitchen, where he was working. He sued the United States under the Federal Tort Claims Act. On motion by the government, the district court dismissed the suit because the Inmate Compensation Program, 18 U.S.C. § 4126(c), the judge ruled, provided Paschal's exclusive remedy. That Act provides the exclusive remedy for federal inmates injured while working, United States v. Demko, 385 U.S. 149, 152 (1966); Bagola v. Kindt, 39 F.3d 779, 780 (7th Cir. 1995), but this is the first reported case in which the inmate was a pretrial detainee rather than a convicted prisoner. A federal inmate is a person in federal custody; the reason for his being an inmate is irrelevant to his status as an inmate. Policies administered by the Bureau of Prisons are generally applicable to pretrial detainees and convicted prisoners alike, see 28 C.F.R. § 500.1(c), and it is relevant to note that in 1994 the Bureau amended its regulation defining "release" (inmates injured during service in a prison industry or workplace may not file claims under the ICP until no more than 45 days remain before their scheduled release from federal custody, 28 C.F.R. § 301.303(a)) to include in the term "final discharge from incarceration of a pretrial inmate." 28 C.F.R. § 301.102(b)(1). (A "pretrial inmate" is expressly defined to include "a person awaiting trial, being tried, or awaiting a verdict." 28 C.F.R. § 551.101(a).) Previously the regulation had defined "release" to exclude "pretrial inmate." We cannot think of any reason why Congress would have wanted the two classes of prison workers distinguished, and we therefore agree with the district court that the statute applies to pretrial detainees.
[12] AFFIRMED.