U.S. Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs

Bureau of Justice Statistics

Special Report

July 2006, NCJ 214646

Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003

Sexual Violence Reported
by Correctional Authorities, 2005
By Allen J. Beck, Ph.D.
and Paige M. Harrison
BJS Statisticians
On September 4, 2003, President
George W. Bush signed into law the
Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003
(P.L. 108-79). The legislation requires
the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) to
develop new national data collections on
the incidence and prevalence of sexual
violence within correctional facilities.
This report fulfills the requirement under
Sec. 4 (c)(1) of the act for submission of
an annual report on the activities of BJS
with respect to prison rape.
In 2004, as one step in a multiphase
implementation strategy, BJS completed the first-ever national survey of
administrative records on sexual violence in adult and juvenile correctional
facilities. In 2005 the survey was
expanded to collect detailed information
on substantiated incidents. New survey
items included the circumstances surrounding each incident, characteristics
of victims and perpetrators, the type of
pressure or physical force, victim injuries, sanctions imposed, and victim
assistance.
The 2005 survey results should not be
used to rank systems or facilities. Future
data collections, based on surveys of
current and former inmates, are being
developed to permit reliable comparisons of facilities.

Highlights
6,241 allegations of sexual violence in prison and jail reported in 2005,
up from 5,386 in 2004
Total*

2005
6,241

2004
5,386

Federal prisons
268
284
State prisons
4,341
3,172
Local jails
1,384
1,700
Private prisons/jails
204
210
Other facilities
44
20
*Based on adult correctional facilities only.

• 38% of allegations involved staff
sexual misconduct; 35%, inmate-oninmate nonconsensual sexual acts;
17%, staff sexual harassment; and
10%, inmate-on-inmate abusive
sexual contact.
• There were 2.83 allegations of sexual violence per 1,000 inmates in
2005, up from 2.46 in 2004.

Correctional authorities substantiated 885 incidents
of sexual violence in 2005, 15% of completed investigations

Total*

Number of
substantiated
incidents
885

Rate per
1,000
inmates
0.40

Federal prisons
41
0.26
State prisons
458
0.39
Local jails
336
0.45
Private prisons/jails
37
0.31
Other facilities
13
1.21
*Estimates based on the reported number of
substantiated incidents times the inverse probability of selection, and then summed.

• There were an estimated 0.40 substantiated incidents of sexual violence
per 1,000 inmates in 2005, down from
the 0.55 recorded in 2004.
• Based on completed investigations
only, 37% of allegations of staff sexual
misconduct in local jails and 15% in
State prisons were substantiated.

Half of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence involved physical force
or threat of force; two-thirds of staff misconduct was romantic
Percent of substantiated
inmate-on-inmate incidents

Force/threat used
Victim injured
Victim given
medical exam
Victim placed in
protective custody
Perpetrator arrested/
prosecuted
Perpetrator placed in
solitary

Nonconsensual
59%
22

Abusive sexual contacts
33%
3

63

33

49

30

58

39

72

70

• In prisons 67% of victims involved in
staff sexual misconduct were male,
while 62% of perpetrators were
female. In jails 78% of victims of staff
sexual misconduct were female; 87%
of the perpetrators, male.
• Staff were arrested or prosecuted in
45% of substantiated incidents of staff
sexual misconduct; discharged, fired
or resigned in 82%.

Second administrative records
collection conducted for 2005
Between January 1 and June 22,
2006, BJS completed the second
national survey of the incidence and
prevalence of sexual violence in correctional facilities. The Governments
Division of the U.S. Census Bureau
was the data collection agent for the
survey. Initiated in 2004, the survey
was conducted to provide information
on occurrences of sexual violence
based on allegations brought to the
attention of correctional authorities.
Although the results are limited to incidents reported to officials, the survey
provides an understanding of what officials know, how many allegations were
reported, and the outcomes of followup
investigations.

In 2005 the survey was expanded to
obtain data on each substantiated incident in which the event was investigated and determined to have
occurred. Using a separate incident
form, the survey obtained incidentbased data on all substantiated allegations, providing a basis for an in-depth
analysis of sexual violence. New information included details on the circumstances surrounding each incident,
characteristics of victims and perpetrators, type of pressure or physical force
used, victim injuries, sanctions
imposed, and victim assistance.
Administrative records alone cannot
provide reliable estimates of sexual
violence. Due to fear of reprisal from
perpetrators, a code of silence among
inmates, personal embarrassment,

and lack of trust in staff, victims are
often reluctant to report incidents to
correctional authorities.
BJS is developing and testing methods
for more fully measuring the incidence
of sexual violence in correctional facilities. These methods will rely on selfadministered surveys to provide anonymity to victims when reporting their
experiences. At the same time, computer-assisted technologies will ensure
uniform conditions under which
inmates complete the survey, and
sampling techniques and supplemental
data collections will reduce potential
biases. (See box below for an update
of these activities.)

Collection of victim self reports to begin in 2006
BJS is working toward full implementation of the Prison Rape Elimination Act.
BJS has entered into cooperative
agreements with —

As of June 30, 2006, the following work
had been completed or was underway:

1. Research Triangle International
(RTI) (Raleigh, NC) to develop and
test the adult prison and jail collection methodologies;

• The ACASI questionnaire and survey
protocols for adult inmates have been
developed and tested. Between January and May 2006, BJS and RTI completed a pretest with more than 1,400
inmates in 4 State prisons, 4 local jail
facilities, and 1 Federal prison. Results
of the pretest will be published in
October 2006 and assessed at a
national meeting of stakeholders in
November.

2. Westat, Inc. (Rockville, MD) to
develop and test methodologies
for measuring sexual violence in
State and local juvenile facilities;
3. National Opinion Research
Center (NORC) (Chicago, IL) to
develop and test methods of collecting data from former inmates.
Though underlying survey methodology and logistical procedures differ
with each of the data collection efforts,
the measurement strategies will be
consistent. The surveys will consist
of an Audio Computer-Assisted SelfInterview (ACASI) in which respondents interact with a computer-administered questionnaire using a touchscreen and follow audio instructions
delivered via headphones. The use of
ACASI is expected to overcome many
limitations of previous research. (See
Data Collections for the Prison Rape
Elimination Act of 2003, December 30,
2005.)

Prison and jail inmates

• In July 2006 BJS will submit an overview of all survey procedures, sampling
methods, and questionnaires to the
Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) for approval to begin national
implementation in late 2006.
• Procedures for selecting prison and
jail facilities and for sampling inmates
within selected facilities have been
developed. In the first year of implementation, BJS expects to select 450
public and private prisons and jails and
to interview more than 60,000 inmates.
• Upon OMB approval, RTI field staff
will begin obtaining approval from
State-level Institutional Review Boards
(IRB) and begin interviews in January
2007.

2 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Youth in residential placement facilities
• Survey procedures and questionnaires have been developed and
reviewed by State and local administrators and other stakeholders.
Cognitive testing of questionnaires
with eligible youth began in June 2006.
• A formal pretest of collection methods in 10 juvenile facilities with up to
600 youth is planned for September
2006.
• National implementation is expected
in 2007. Initial survey efforts will focus
on more than 14,000 adjudicated youth
in a sample of 150 State-operated
facilities and 30 large, local or private
facilities.
Former State prisoners
• An ACASI questionnaire, an administrative records form, and survey protocols have been developed to survey
former inmates under active parole or
post-custody supervision.
• A formal pretest of collection methods
in 10-20 parole offices with up to 1,000
former inmates is planned for September 2006.
• National implementation is scheduled
in 2007 with more than 11,500 completed interviews expected in 285
parole field offices.

The 2005 administrative survey provides the basis for the annual statistical review, as required under the act.
These data will be used by the Review
Panel on Prison Rape within the
Department of Justice for purposes of
conducting hearings concerning the
operation of correctional facilities. The
number of allegations and substantiated incidents for each system and
sampled facility in the survey is provided. (See Appendix tables.)

2005 survey covered 1,866 adult
correctional facilities
The 2005 survey included all Federal
and State prison systems and facilities
operated by the U.S. military and the
Bureau of Immigration and Customs
Enforcement (table 1). In addition, a
representative sample was drawn of
local jail jurisdictions, privately operated adult prisons and jails, and jails in
Indian country. Altogether, the administrative survey covered 1,867 of the
5,220 adult facilities. These facilities

How sexual violence was measured
The definition of “rape” as required under the Prison Rape Elimination Act of
2003 was operationalized by disaggregating sexual violence into two categories of inmate-on-inmate sexual acts and two categories of staff sexual misconduct. The categories were —
Nonconsensual sexual acts
Contact of any person without his or her consent, or of a person who is unable
to consent or refuse; and
• Contact between the penis and the vagina or the penis and the anus including penetration, however slight; or
• Contact between the mouth and the penis, vagina, or anus; or
• Penetration of the anal or genital opening of another person by a hand, finger, or other object.
Abusive sexual contacts
Contact of any person without his or her consent, or of a person who is unable
to consent or refuse; and
• Intentional touching, either directly or through the clothing, of the genitalia,
anus, groin, breast, inner thigh, or buttocks of any person.
• Excluding incidents in which the intent of the sexual contact is to harm or
debilitate rather than sexually exploit.
Staff sexual misconduct
Any behavior or act of a sexual nature directed toward an inmate by an
employee, volunteer, official visitor, or agency representative. Romantic relationships between staff and inmates are included. Consensual or nonconsensual sexual acts include:
• Intentional touching of the genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh, or buttocks with the intent to abuse, arouse, or gratify sexual desire; or
• Completed, attempted, threatened, or requested sexual acts; or
• Occurrences of indecent exposure, invasion of privacy, or staff voyeurism for
sexual gratification.
Staff sexual harassment
Repeated verbal statements or comments of a sexual nature to an inmate by
an employee, volunteer, official visitor, or agency representative, including:
• Demeaning references to gender or derogatory comments about body or
clothing; or
• Profane or obscene language or gestures.

housed more than 1.7 million inmates,
or 78% of all inmates held in adult facilities in 2005.*
The survey was based on seven separate samples corresponding to the different types of facilities covered under
the act. (See Methodology, page 11.)
Each sample was designed in accordance with the requirement that BJS
draw a random sample, or other scientifically appropriate sample, of not less
than 10% of facilities. Entire systems
were selected, when possible, to maximize reporting coverage. Local and private facilities were sampled to ensure
at least one in each State and with
selection probabilities proportionate to
the number of inmates held.
In 2004 BJS developed uniform definitions of sexual violence. (See box to
the left.) Incidents of inmate-on-inmate
sexual violence were classified as nonconsensual sexual acts and abusive
sexual contacts. Incidents of staff-oninmate sexual violence were separated
into staff sexual misconduct and staff
sexual harassment. For purposes of
this report, all such incidents are considered sexual violence.
*A survey of State-operated juvenile systems
and privately or locally operated juvenile facilities
was also conducted. Survey results for juvenile
systems and facilities will be published in a separate report.

Table 1. Facilities selected for the
Survey of Sexual Violence, 2005
Facility type

Selected in
Number of the 2005
facilities
survey

Total
5,220
1,867
Prisons
Public - Federal
84
All*
Public - State
1,320
All*
Private
319
31
Local jails
Public
3,318
347
Private
38
5
Other adult facilities
Indian country jails
68
7
Military-operated
59
All*
ICE-operated
14
All*
*The 2005 survey included all State prison
systems, all Federal facilities, and all facilities
operated by the U.S. military or the Bureau of
Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

3

State prison reporting capabilities
improve during 2005
The most serious forms of sexual violence (inmate-on-inmate nonconsensual sexual acts and staff sexual misconduct) were the most widely
reported using survey definitions and
reporting rules (table 2). During 2005
State and Federal prison authorities
enhanced their abilities to report data
on sexual violence.
Correctional authorities in more than
36 State and Federal prison systems
were able to report incidents of inmateon-inmate nonconsensual acts as
defined in the 2005 survey (up from 34
in 2004). Authorities in 38 States were
able to report incidents of abusive sexual contacts separately, while 10 combined these incidents with the more
serious nonconsensual acts. Only 2
systems did not record abusive sexual
contacts, down from 9 in 2004.
The greatest improvements in reporting were for staff sexual misconduct
and harassment. In 2005 most prison
administrators (44) were able to report
data on staff sexual misconduct using
survey definitions, up from 35 in 2004.
Six systems were unable to separate
sexual harassment from misconduct in
2005, down from nine in 2004. Only 1
system was unable to report any data
on sexual harassment in 2005, down
from 13 in 2004.
The ability to report incidents of sexual
violence by authorities in sampled jail
jurisdictions dropped during 2005.
Also, jail authorities were less likely
than prison authorities to meet survey
definitions. A third of jail jurisdictions
were unable to separate abusive sexual contacts from the more serious
nonconsensual sexual acts; a fifth
were unable to report staff sexual
harassment separately from staff sexual misconduct.

Sexual violence allegations
increased

The lower percents meeting survey
requirements may be the result of the
sampling procedures. More than twothirds of the jail jurisdictions (242)
received the definitions and reporting
criteria for the first time in 2005, while
all of the prison systems received the
survey in 2004. BJS expects to work
with administrators to improve reporting, especially in large jail jurisdictions
with systems too large for manual
searches of paper files.

Reports of sexual violence varied
across systems and sampled facilities,
with every State prison system except
New Mexico reporting at least one allegation of sexual violence. Among the
347 sampled local jails, 131 (38%)
reported an allegation. About 42% of
the 36 sampled privately operated prisons and jails reported at least one allegation.

As first noted in the 2004 report, the
absence of uniform reporting necessitates caution when interpreting the survey results. The data should not be
used to rank systems or facilities.
Higher or lower counts, especially
among jail jurisdictions, may reflect
variations in definitions, reporting
capacities, and procedures for recording allegations and not differences in
the underlying incidence of sexual violence.
All selected correctional systems and
facilities responded to the survey.

Combined, the 2005 survey recorded
5,247 allegations of sexual violence.
Taking into account weights for sampled facilities, the estimated total number of allegations for the Nation was
6,241. Expressed in terms of rates,
there were 2.83 allegations of sexual
violence per 1,000 inmates held in
2005, up from 2.43 per 1,000 inmates
held in prisons, jails, and other adult
correctional facilities in 2004. Prison
systems reported 74% of all allegations; local jails, 22%; private prisons
and jails, 3%; and other adult facilities,
1%.

Table 2. Reporting capabilities of correctional authorities to provide data
on sexual violence, 2004 and 2005
Federal and State prison
systems
Type of sexual violence

Local jails

2005

2004

2005

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

Nonconsensual sexual acts
Full reporting
Partial*
Includes abusive sexual contacts
Unable to report

70.6%
9.8
19.6
0

66.7%
7.8
25.5
0

62.8%
2.3
34.9
0

78.0%
7.4
13.6
1.0

Abusive sexual contacts
Full reporting
Partial*
Combined with other sexual acts
Unable to report

74.5%
0
19.6
3.9

51.0%
5.9
25.5
17.6

61.9%
0
34.6
3.5

84.9%
0
13.6
1.5

Staff sexual misconduct
Full reporting
Partial*
Includes sexual harassment
Unable to report

86.3%
2.0
13.7
0

68.6%
5.9
17.6
7.8

76.1%
1.4
21.3
1.2

88.4%
2.5
7.9
1.2

Total

2004

Staff sexual harassment
Full reporting
86.3%
52.9%
76.1%
90.3%
Partial*
0
3.9
0.3
0
Combined with sexual misconduct
11.7
17.6
21.9
7.9
Unable to report
2.0
25.5
1.7
1.7
*See Appendix tables for systems and facilities that reported only incidents that were
completed or substantiated.

4 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Nationwide, the number of allegations
rose by nearly 16%. Consistent with
improvements in reporting capabilities,
State and Federal prison systems
reported a 33% increase in the number
of allegations; local jails reported a
19% decrease.
Allegations of sexual violence per 1,000
inmates, by type of facility, 2005
Rate per
National 1,000
Facility type
estimate inmates
Total
6,241
2.83
Prisons
Public - Federal
268
1.71
Public - State
4,341
3.68
Private
182
1.80
Local jails
Public
1,384
1.86
Private
22
1.33
Other adult facilities
Indian country jails*
32
^
Military-operated
8
3.08
ICE-operated
4
0.60
*Excludes facilities housing juveniles only.
^Too few cases to provide a reliable rate.

About 38% of the reported allegations
of sexual violence involved staff sexual
misconduct, 35% involved inmate-oninmate nonconsensual sexual acts;
17% staff sexual harassment; and 10%
inmate-on-inmate abusive sexual contacts.

Allegations of sexual violence, by type of incident, 2005
National
Incident type
estimate Percent
Total
6,241 100.0 %
Inmate-on-inmate nonconsensual sexual acts
2,160
34.6
Inmate-on-inmate abusive
sexual contacts
611
9.8
Staff sexual misconduct
2,386
38.2
Staff sexual harassment
1,084
17.4

Federal prisons for which investigations had been completed, 14% of
nonconsensual sexual acts were substantiated, compared to 15% of allegations of staff sexual misconduct (table
3). In jails 16% of completed investigations of nonconsensual sexual acts
were substantiated, compared to 37%
of the allegations of staff sexual misconduct.

Approximately 15% of allegations
of nonconsensual sexual acts in
2005 were substantiated

The most common outcome of investigations of sexual violence was a determination of lack of evidence. More
than 66% of allegations of staff sexual
misconduct in prison and 49% of
allegations of inmate-on-inmate nonconsensual sexual acts were unsubstantiated. More than a third of completed investigations of nonconsensual
sexual acts in State and Federal prisons (37%) and local jails (38%) were
determined to be unfounded.

Allegations reported in 2005 were classified as:
• substantiated, if they were determined to have occurred
• unsubstantiated, if the evidence was
insufficient to make a final determination that they occurred
• unfounded, if they were determined
not to have occurred
• investigation ongoing, if a final determination had not been made at time of
data collection.
Overall, inmate-on-inmate allegations
of nonconsensual sexual violence
were less likely to be substantiated
than allegations of staff sexual misconduct. Based on allegations in State and

Table 3. Allegations of sexual violence in Federal and State prisons, local jails,
and private prisons and jails, 2005
State and Federal
prisons
Number Percent*
Inmate-on-inmate nonconsensual sexual acts
Substantiated
Unsubstantiated
Unfounded
Investigation ongoing
Inmate-on-inmate abusive sexual contacts
Substantiated
Unsubstantiated
Unfounded
Investigation ongoing
Staff sexual misconduct
Substantiated
Unsubstantiated
Unfounded
Investigation ongoing

Local jails
Number Percent*

Private prisons
and jails
Number Percent*

1,443
163
582
442
236

100.0%
13.7
49.0
37.2

263 100.0%
32 15.7
94 46.1
78 38.2
32

34
7
13
2
12

100.0%
31.8
59.1
9.1

423
103
235
62
13

100.0%
25.8
58.8
15.5

57 100.0%
12 22.6
17 32.1
24 45.3
4

3
0
3
0
0

100.0%
0
100.0
0

1,829
195
867
243
519

100.0%
14.9
66.4
18.6

184 100.0%
53 36.5
50 34.5
42 29.0
39

29
6
18
5
0

100.0%
20.7
62.1
17.2

Staff sexual harassment
914 100.0%
39 100.0%
7 100.0%
Substantiated
39
5.7
3 10.0
0
0
Unsubstantiated
478
69.4
12 40.0
7 100.0
Unfounded
172
25.0
15 50.0
0
0
Investigation ongoing
226
8
0
Note: Excludes facilities operated by the U.S. military, the Bureau of Immigration
and Customs Enforcement, tribal authorities and the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
*Percents based on allegations for which investigations had been completed.

During 2005 correctional authorities
substantiated 885 incidents of
sexual violence
The survey of administrative records
recorded 620 substantiated incidents
of sexual violence. Taking into account
sampling of local jails, private prisons
or jails, and jails in Indian country, the
estimated total for the Nation was 885.
Relative to the number of inmates,
there were 0.40 substantiated incidents of sexual violence per 1,000
inmates reported in 2005, down from
the 0.55 per 1,000 inmates in adult
facilities in 2004.

Facility type

Number of substantiated incidents of sexual
violence
Rate per
National
1,000
estimate
inmates

Total
885
0.40
Prisons
Public - Federal
41
0.26
Public - State
458
0.39
Private
24
0.24
Local jails
Public
336
0.45
Private
13
0.78
Other adult facilities
Indian country jails*
10
^
Military-operated
2
0.77
ICE-operated
1
0.15
*Excludes facilities housing juveniles only.
^Too few cases to provide a reliable rate.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005 5

Correctional authorities provided
detail on 82% of substantiated
incidents
For the first time in the 2005 survey
prison systems and sampled facilities
were asked to provide detailed information on each substantiated incident
of sexual violence. Using a separate
incident form, the survey obtained incident-based data, providing a basis for
an in-depth analysis of sexual violence. Data included details on the circumstances surrounding each incident, characteristics of victims and
perpetrators, type of pressure or physical force, sanctions imposed and victim assistance.
Incident-level data were reported on
510 of the 620 substantiated incidents
(82%). More than two-thirds of the
unreported incidents were in the Federal system (missing data on 35 incidents of inmate-on-inmate sexual

violence), New Hampshire (missing 23
incident reports), and Vermont (missing 16 reports on staff sexual harassment). An additional 25 substantiated
incidents were missing from local jail
reports. Because most systems and
facilities reported fully, there was little
evidence of any selection bias among
the 510 incident reports.
Data provided on substantiated incidents of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence revealed that —
• In 4% of the incidents more than one
inmate was victimized (table 4).
• In 7% of the incidents there was more
than one perpetrator (table 5).
• Males comprised 88% of the victims
and 91% of the perpetrators in prison
and jails.
• 74% of victims in jail and 42% in
prison were age 24 or younger; while
42% of perpetrators in jail and 66% in
prison were age 30 or older.

Table 4. Characteristics of victims in substantiated
incidents of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence,
by type, 2005
All facilitiesa

Prison

358

208

127

Number of victims
1
2
3
4 or more

95.8%
3.1
0.3
0.8

94.7%
3.4
0.5
1.4

96.9%
3.1
0
0

Genderb
Male
Female

88.4%
11.6

84.8%
15.2

92.4%
7.6

Ageb
Under 18
18-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45 or older

7.7%
45.1
12.5
17.0
9.3
4.8
3.7

0.9%
41.4
15.8
18.1
11.2
6.5
6.0

20.6%
53.4
3.8
10.7
7.6
3.1
0.8

Race/Hispanic originb
Whitec
Blackc
Hispanic
Otherc,d

72.7%
11.9
9.3
6.1

78.1%
10.2
9.8
1.9

71.0%
11.5
3.8
13.7

a

Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and
jails, Indian country jails, and facilities operated by the U.S. military
and ICE.
b
Based on characteristics of victims for whom gender (380),
age (377), or race/Hispanic origin (377) were reported.
c
Excludes victims of Hispanic origin.
dIncludes American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians, Native
Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islanders.

6 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Number of victims and perpetrators by race/
Hispanic origin
Perpetrator
Victim
White* Black* Hispanic Other*
Total
171
152
65
13
White*
130
113
39
10
Black*
15
28
4
0
Hispanic
6
11
21
1
Other*
20
0
1
2
*Excludes persons of Hispanic origin.

Table 5. Characteristics of perpetrators in substantiated
incidents of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence,
by type, 2005
All facilitiesa

Jail

Number of incidents

• Whites comprised 73% of the victims,
43% of the perpetrators; while blacks
comprised 12% of victims, 39% of perpetrators.
• 15% of perpetrators were Hispanic,
compared to 9% of victims.
• More than half of inmate-on-inmate
sexual violence was interracial: 10%
involved a white perpetrator and a nonwhite victim; 31% black perpetrators
and a non-black victim; 11% a Hispanic
perpetrator on a non-Hispanic victim
(not shown).

Prison

Jail

Number of perpetrators
1
2
3
4 or more

92.7%
3.6
1.4
2.3

92.8%
3.9
1.9
1.5

91.4%
3.9
0.8
3.9

Genderb
Male
Female

91.3%
8.7

85.7%
14.3

98.6%
1.4

Ageb
Under 18
18-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45 or older

5.4%
20.1
14.9
14.9
14.7
18.0
11.9

0.5%
16.8
16.8
15.0
17.3
16.4
17.3

14.7%
30.1
13.2
9.6
6.6
19.9
5.9

Race/Hispanic originb
Whitec
Blackc
Hispanic
Otherc,d

43.0%
38.8
14.7
3.4

42.1%
42.1
10.0
5.9

48.2%
33.6
18.2
0

a

Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails,
Indian country jails, and facilities operated by the U.S. military and
ICE.
b
Based on characteristics of perpetrators for whom gender (401),
age (388), or race/Hispanic origin (381) were reported.
c
Excludes perpetrators of Hispanic origin.
dIncludes American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians, Native
Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islanders.

Physical force or threat of force was
used in 51% of inmate-on-inmate
sexual violence
Correctional authorities reported that
force or threat of force was involved in
about half of all incidents of inmate-oninmate sexual violence (table 6). In
less than a third of the incidents no
force was used or threatened. In other
incidents of inmate sexual violence,
victims were talked into it (18%),
bribed/blackmailed (11%), or offered
protection from other inmates (6%).
Force was more common among incidents of nonconsensual sexual activity
than among incidents of abusive sexual contacts. In nearly a third of nonconsensual sexual acts, the victim was
physically held down or restrained. In a
sixth, the victim was physically harmed
or injured.
In more than two-thirds of the inmateon-inmate incidents, the sexual violence occurred in the victim’s cell
(59%) or in a dormitory (12%). In only
21% of the substantiated incidents did
the sexual violence occur in a common
area, such as a shower or a day room.
In less than 9% of the incidents, the
inmate-on-inmate sexual violence
occurred in a program service area,
such as in a storage room, hallway,
laundry, cafeteria, kitchen or workshop.
Incidents of inmate sexual violence
were the most common (44%) in the
evening between 6 p.m. and midnight
and the least common (18%) overnight
between midnight and 6 a.m. The most
serious forms of inmate sexual violence (nonconsensual sexual acts)
were most likely to have occurred in
the evening (50%); while the least serious acts (abusive sexual contacts)
were most likely to have occurred in
the morning between 6 a.m. and noon
(41%).

In nearly 90% of the substantiated incidents of inmate sexual violence, the
victim or another inmate reported the
incident. In less than 11% of the incidents had a correctional officer made

the initial report. In only 4% of the most
serious incidents (nonconsensual sexual acts) had medical or health care
staff reported the incident.

Table 6. Circumstances surrounding substantiated incidents
of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence, by type, 2005

All facilities* Prison
Number of incidents
Type of pressure or force
None
Force/threat of force
Threatened with physical
harm
Physically held down or
restrained
Physically harmed or
injured
Threatened with a
weapon
Persuasion or talked into it
Bribery/blackmail
Gave victim drugs/alcohol
Offered protection from
other inmates

Jail

Nonconsensual
sexual acts

Abusive
sexual
contacts

357

207

127

241

116

30.5%
50.7

25.1%
61.4

40.2%
39.4

17.8%
58.9

56.9%
32.8

22.4

32.4

10.2

26.1

15.5

28.3

32.9

23.6

32.4

19.0

12.6

13.0

13.4

16.5

5.2

4.2
18.5
10.9
0.3

6.8
15.9
7.7
0.5

0.8
15.7
11.8
0

5.8
22.4
12.9
0.4

0.9
10.3
6.9
0

5.9

6.8

5.5

8.3

0.9

Where occurred
In victim's cell/room
In perpetrator's cell/room
In a dormitory
In a common area
In temporary holding area
In a program service area
Outside the facility
While in transit

59.1%
3.9
12.1
20.7
0.3
8.7
1.1
0.3

58.7%
5.3
7.8
18.0
0
12.6
1.9
0.5

60.2%
0
17.3
25.8
0.8
3.1
0
0

59.2%
5.0
10.8
23.3
0
2.9
1.3
0.4

58.6%
1.7
15.4
15.5
0.9
20.7
0.9
0

Time of day
6 a.m. to noon
Noon to 6 p.m.
6 p.m. to midnight
Midnight to 6 a.m.

27.8%
20.5
44.0
18.4

22.0%
30.9
44.5
18.8

36.0%
4.8
42.4
20.0

21.5%
18.4
50.2
18.5

41.3%
24.8
31.2
18.2

Who reported the incident
Victim
82.6%
80.2%
90.6%
84.2%
78.6%
Another inmate
8.4
9.7
7.1
7.9
10.3
Family of victim
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.9
Correctional officer
10.6
12.1
6.3
10.8
10.3
Administrative staff
0.6
0
1.6
0.8
0
Medical/healthcare staff
2.8
2.4
1.6
4.1
0
Counselor/teacher
1.4
2.4
0
0.4
3.4
Chaplain/other religious
official
0.3
0.5
0
0.4
0
Note: Detail may sum to more than 100% because multiple responses were allowed for each
item.
*Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails, Indian country jails, and
facilities operated by the U.S. military and ICE.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005 7

Victims received physical injuries in
15% of substantiated incidents of
inmate-on-inmate sexual violence

Knife or stab wounds and other internal injuries were not reported for any of
the incidents.

In most substantiated incidents of
inmate-on-inmate sexual violence victims were not physically injured (85%)
(table 7). Anal or rectal tearing was
reported in 6% of the incidents; less
serious injuries, including bruises,
black eyes, sprains, cuts, and
scratches were reported in 11% of the
incidents. In fewer than 1% of the incidents, victims received broken bones
or were knocked unconscious.

Victims received medical attention,
counseling or mental health treatment
in more than two-thirds of the incidents
of nonconsensual sexual acts. Among
the most serious incidents, 63% of the
victims were given a medical examination; 27% were administered a rape kit;
17% were tested for HIV/AIDS; 17%
were tested for other sexually transmitted diseases; and 33% were provided
counseling or mental health treatment.

Table 7. Impact on victims and perpetrators in substantiated incidents
of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence, by type, 2005

All
Victim injured
No
Yesb
Broken bones
Anal/vaginal tearing
Teeth chipped/knocked out
Knocked unconscious
Bruises, black eye, sprains, cuts,
scratches, swelling
Medical follow up for victim
Given medical examination
Administered rape kit
Tested for HIV/AIDS
Tested for other STD
Provided counseling or mental health
treatment
None of the above

NonconAbusive
sensual
sexual
sexual acts contacts

facilitiesa

Prison

Jail

84.6%
15.4
0.3
6.1
0.3
0.3

80.0%
20.0
0.5
5.4
0
0.5

95.7%
4.3
0
2.6
0.9
0

11.0

15.6

53.4%
19.0
12.0
11.8

58.9%
21.3
14.0
14.0

42.5%
8.7
6.3
5.5

63.3%
26.7
17.0
16.6

33.3%
3.4
1.7
1.7

34.9
35.7

43.5
29.0

20.3
46.9

32.9
31.7

39.3
43.6

44.0%
8.7
9.0
10.7
4.8
31.7

46.6%
13.2
3.2
17.5
2.6
30.7

40.2%
2.0
18.6
0.0
1.0
38.2

49.3%
9.1
10.5
12.3
6.0
23.2

30.3%
7.8
5.6
6.7
2.2
52.8

2.6

78.4%
21.6
0.4
9.3
0
0.4
15.0

96.6%
3.4
0
0
0.9
0
3.4

Change in housing/custody for victimc
Placed in administrative segregation
or protective custody
Placed in medical unit
Confined to own cell/room
Transferred to another facility
Other (reported after release/transfer)
None of the above

Sanction imposed on perpetrator
Solitary/disciplinary
70.8%
84.5% 55.9%
71.6%
69.6%
Confined to own cell/room
27.9
21.8
40.2
25.1
33.0
Placed in higher custody
20.1
16.6
26.8
27.3
5.4
Transferred to another facility
18.9
25.4
9.4
17.7
21.2
Loss of good time
13.4
22.8
0
13.9
12.5
Given extra work
0.6
0.5
0
0.4
0.9
Loss of privileges
20.7
21.2
22.0
21.6
18.8
Legal action
51.3
31.1
83.5
57.6
39.3
Arrested
12.2
4.1
20.5
15.9
4.5
Referred for prosecution
45.6
28.5
77.3
50.6
34.8
Given new sentence
4.1
1.0
9.4
6.1
0
Disciplinary report issued
4.7
8.3
0
6.1
1.8
Note: Detail may sum to more than 100% because multiple responses were allowed
for each item.
a
Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails, Indian country jails, and
facilities operated by the U.S. military and ICE.
bThe categories "knife or stab wounds" and "internal injuries" were not marked in any incident.
cThe category "given a higher custody level within the facility" was not marked in any incident.

8 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Half of victims of nonconsensual
sexual acts were placed in
protective custody or administrative
segregation
The most common response following
a reported incident of sexual violence
was to place the victim in administrative segregation or protective custody
(44%) or to transfer the victim to
another facility (11%). Given differing
housing options, prison authorities
were more likely than jail authorities to
move the victims rather than confine
them to their cell/room.
Victims of abusive sexual contacts
were the least likely to be moved, with
over half (53%) having no change in
housing. About a third of the victims of
nonconsensual sexual acts were confined to their cell (11%) or had no
change in their housing (23%).
Most inmate perpetrators received
legal sanctions or solitary
confinement
• A legal sanction, including arrest,
referral for prosecution, or new sentence, was imposed on perpetrators in
31% of the substantiated incidents in
prisons; 83% of the incidents in jails.
• Perpetrators were referred for prosecution in more than half of the substantiated incidents of nonconsensual sexual acts; in a third of the incidents of
abusive sexual contacts.
• Perpetrators were moved to solitary
confinement in 72% of the incidents of
nonconsensual sexual acts and in 70%
of the incidents of abusive sexual contacts.
• Perpetrators also received other
sanctions, including confinement to
own cell/room (28%), loss of privileges
(21%), placement in a higher custody
level (20%), or transfer to another facility (19%).

Two-thirds of incidents of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
were reported to be romantic

Other data reported on substantiated
incidents of staff sexual misconduct
and harassment revealed that —

Female staff implicated in staff
sexual misconduct in prisons;
males in local jails

The survey collected data on 344 substantiated incidents of staff sexual misconduct and harassment during 2005.
In two-thirds of these incidents, correctional authorities determined that staff
had a romantic relationship with the
inmate (table 8). Although legally all
sexual relationships between staff and
inmates are considered nonconsensual, fewer than 15% of the substantiated incidents involved physical force,
abuse of power or pressure by staff.

• In more than half the incidents, either
the victim (32%) or another inmate
(26%) reported the misconduct (table
9).
• In a third of the incidents, correctional
officers (18%) or administrative staff
(16%) reported the incident. In 10% of
the incidents, the misconduct was
reported anonymously.
• Most incidents of staff sexual misconduct and harassment occurred outside
of the inmate’s living area, in a program area (53%), outside of the facility
(12%), or in a common area (10%).
• In prisons, incidents of staff sexual
misconduct occurred most often
between noon and 6 p.m. (50%); in
jails, incidents occurred more evenly
throughout the day.
• In 5% of the incidents more than one
staff member was involved in the sexual misconduct.
• In 10% of the incidents more than
one inmate was involved.

Characteristics of victims and perpetrators of staff sexual misconduct and
harassment differed among prisons
and jail facilities:

Coercion, including force, pressure,
unwanted touching, indecent exposure, and harassment, was more common among incidents in jails (43%)
than in prisons (26%).

• In State and Federal prisons 67% of
the victims of staff misconduct were
male, while 62% of the perpetrators
were female (tables 10 and 11).
• In local jails 78% of the victims were
females; 87% of the perpetrators,
male.
• 47% of the prison staff involved in
sexual misconduct and harassment
were age 40 or older; compared to
27% of the jail staff.
• In prisons 69% of the perpetrators
were white, 25% black, and 3% Hispanic.
• In jails 74% of the perpetrators were
white, 21%, black, and 4% Hispanic.

Table 8. Characteristics of substantiated incidents
of staff sexual misconduct and harassment, by type
of facility, 2005

Table 9. Circumstances surrounding substantiated
incidents of staff sexual misconduct and harassment,
by type of facility, 2005

Characteristic

All facilities*

Prison

Jail

Circumstance

All facilitiesa

Prison

Jail

Number of incidents

344

208

111

Nature of the incident
Romantic
Sexual harassment
Unwanted touching
Indecent exposure
Pressure/abuse of power
Physical force

68.3%
10.9
10.3
5.3
14.1
0.6

73.6%
12.0
9.6
4.8
10.6
1.0

56.8%
10.9
10.8
7.2
21.6
0

Number of staff involved
1
2

95.0%
5.0

95.7%
4.3

92.8%
7.2

Who reported the incident
Victim
Another inmate
Family of victim
Correctional officer
Administrative staff
Medical/healthcare staff
Instructor/teacher/counselor
Chaplain/other religious official
Other (anonymous/letter)

31.9%
25.8
0.9
17.6
15.8
2.4
0.9
0.3
9.7

24.9%
28.9
0.5
18.8
16.2
2.5
1.5
0.5
11.7

43.9%
26.2
1.9
11.2
18.7
0
0
0
4.7

Where occurredb
In victim's cell/room
In a dormitory
In a common area
In temporary holding area
In a program service area
Outside the facility
Other/unknown

14.0%
6.7
10.1
0.6
52.6
12.5
9.7

8.9%
8.9
7.3
0.5
57.3
13.0
12.5

26.1%
3.6
17.3
0.9
40.5
12.7
2.7

Number of victims
1
90.1%
92.8% 84.7%
2
8.1
4.8
14.4
3
0.6
1.0
0
4 or more
1.2
1.5
0.9
Note: Detail may sum to more than 100% because multiple
responses were allowed for each item.
*Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and
jails, Indian country jails, and facilities operated by the U.S. military
and ICE.

Time of day
6 a.m. to noon
32.4%
37.0%
30.5%
Noon to 6 p.m.
41.4
50.0
29.5
6 p.m. to midnight
36.8
36.4
32.4
Midnight to 6 a.m.
18.5
16.9
23.6
Note: Detail may sum to more than 100% because multiple responses
were allowed for each item.
a
Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails,
Indian country jails, and facilities operated by the U.S. military and
ICE.
bThe category "In transit" was not marked in any incident.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005 9

Table 10. Characteristics of staff involved
in staff sexual misconduct and harassment,
by type of facility, 2005
All facilitiesa

Prison

Jail

Genderb
Male
Female
Ageb
24 or younger
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-54
55 or older

54.3%
45.7

37.7%
62.3

86.6%
13.4

12.7%
14.7
15.9
19.0
14.1
18.2
5.5

10.4%
13.3
13.7
15.2
13.7
25.1
8.5

10.5%
14.9
21.9
25.4
17.5
8.8
0.9

Race/Hispanic originb
Whitec
68.5%
69.4% 74.4%
23.5
25.4
21.4
Blackc
Hispanic
4.3
2.9
4.3
3.7
2.4
0
Otherc,d
Note: Detail may sum to more than 100% because multiple responses were allowed for each item.
aIncludes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails, Indian country jails, and facilities operated
by the U.S. military and ICE.
bThe number of staff involved totaled 358. Gender was
reported for 350 staff; age for 347; and race/Hispanic
origin for 349.
c
Excludes staff of Hispanic origin.
d
Includes American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians,
Native Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islanders.

Table 11. Characteristics of inmates involved
in staff sexual misconduct and harassment,
by type of facility, 2005

Among victims of staff sexual misconduct, white inmates were overrepresented compared with the general inmate population. Non-Hispanic whites comprised 57% of the inmates involved in staff misconduct, compared to 36% of all prison and jail inmates at midyear 2005.
(See Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2005, NCJ 213133.) Non-Hispanic blacks comprised 27% of inmates involved in staff misconduct;
40% of all inmates nationwide. Hispanic inmates were 10% of the victims of staff misconduct compared to 20% of the inmate population.
Over two-thirds of perpetrators of staff sexual misconduct
or harassment were correctional officers
Most substantiated incidents of staff sexual misconduct and harassment involved correctional officers — 57% of the incidents in prisons;
89% of those in jails (table 12). In prisons, nearly 16% of perpetrators
of staff misconduct were maintenance and other facility support staff,
including groundskeepers, janitors, cooks, and drivers. An additional
10% of perpetrators in prisons were medical or health care staff,
including counselors, doctors, dentists, nurses, psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and medical assistants.
In both prisons and jails, about 13% of the staff perpetrators of sexual
misconduct or harassment were contract employees or vendors.
Inmates involved in staff sexual misconduct often transferred
or placed in segregation
In 27% of the substantiated incidents of staff sexual misconduct the
inmates involved were transferred to another facility; in 20% of the
incidents they were placed in administrative segregation or protective
custody (table 13). In incidents involving a romantic relationship
between inmate and staff, more than half of the inmates were either
transferred (30%) or placed in administrative segregation (22%) (not
shown).

All facilitiesa

Prison

Gender
Male
Female

52.0%
48.0

67.5%
32.5

21.9%
78.1

Ageb
Under 18
18-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45 or older

In incidents involving staff coercion, about a third of the victims were
either transferred (20%) or placed in segregation (15%).

0.6%
17.6
28.5
22.9
17.3
6.7
6.4

0%
12.8
25.1
27.5
18.0
8.5
8.1

1.7%
24.4
26.9
18.5
18.5
5.0
5.0

In most substantiated incidents of staff sexual misconduct (74%), victims received no medical followup, counseling, or mental health treatment. Excluding incidents involving romantic relationships, victims in
15% of the nonconsensual acts were given a medical examination and
19% were provided counseling or mental health treatment.

Race/Hispanic originb
Whitec
Blackc
Hispanic
Otherc,d

56.8%
26.9
9.8
6.5

54.2%
32.1
9.4
4.2

66.7%
24.0
6.2
3.1

Jail

b

a

Includes substantiated incidents reported by private
prisons and jails, Indian country jails, and facilities operated by the U.S. military and ICE.
b
The number of victims of staff misconduct totaled 390:
gender was reported for 367; age for 358; and race/Hispanic origin for 368.
cExcludes inmates of Hispanic origin.
dIncludes American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians,
Native Hawaiians, and Other Pacific Islanders.

10

Table 12. Type of staff involved in staff sexual misconduct
and harassment, by type of facility, 2005
All facilities*
Type of staff involved
Full/part-time employee
Contract employee/vendor
Volunteer/intern

86.7%
13.3
0.6

Prison
86.2%
13.8
1.0

Jail
87.9%
12.1
0

Position of staff involved
Administrator
1.8%
2.9%
0%
Correctional officer
68.7
57.0
89.1
Clerical
3.5
3.9
3.6
Maintenance
10.9
15.9
0.9
Medical/health care
6.2
9.7
0.9
Educational
2.6
3.9
0.9
Other program staff
1.5
2.4
0
Other
6.8
5.3
9.1
*Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails,
Indian country jails, and facilities operated by the U.S. military and ICE.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Nearly 90% of perpetrators of staff
misconduct arrested, referred for
prosecution, or discharged
Correctional authorities indicated that
in 82% of the substantiated incidents
staff had been discharged or resigned;
45% arrested or referred for prosecution, and 17% were disciplined, transferred, or demoted.
Among the multiple types of sanctions
imposed on staff, discharge or resignation was the most common — 30% of
the incidents in prison and 55% of
those in jails. Many staff chose to
resign (43%) rather than be terminated. In incidents involving a romantic
relationship between an inmate and
staff, 90% of staff were discharged or
resigned (not shown). In incidents
involving coercion, 64% of staff lost
their jobs and 53% were arrested or
referred for prosecution.
Methodology
The 2005 Survey of Sexual Violence
was based on seven separate samples, corresponding to the different

facilities covered under the act. The
following samples were drawn:
1. The survey included all 50 State
adult prison systems and the Federal
Bureau of Prisons. Prison administrators were directed to report only on
incidents of sexual violence that
occurred within publicly operated adult
facilities.
2. A sample of 32 privately operated
prison facilities was drawn to represent
a 10% sample of the 319 private prisons identified in the 2000 Census of
State and Federal Adult Correctional
Facilities and updated for new construction and closures since 2000.
Facilities were sorted by region and
average daily population and then
sampled with probabilities proportionate to size. One sampled facility had
closed.
3. Publicly operated jail facilities were
selected based on data reported in the
2004 Deaths in Custody collection.
Jurisdictions were sorted into 6 strata,
based on their average daily popula-

Table 13. Impact on inmate and staff in substantiated incidents of staff sexual
misconduct and harassment, 2005
All facilitiesa

Prison

Medical followup for inmate
Given medical examination
Administered rape kit
Tested for HIV/AIDS
Tested for other STD
Provided counseling or mental health treatment
None of the above

14.7%
7.4
1.5
2.5
14.2
74.2

11.6%
2.6
0.5
1.6
17.4
78.4

17.1%
11.8
1.8
2.7
10.9
67.6

Any change in housing/custody for inmate
Placed in administratve segregation or protective custody
Placed in medical unit
Confined to own cell/room
Given a higher custody level within facility
Transferred to another facility
Otherb
None of the above

19.7%
2.2
5.1
4.5
26.8
11.1
36.3

26.3%
0
1.1
4.7
25.3
7.4
42.6

3.0%
4.0
11.1
1.0
35.4
17.2
28.3

Jail

Sanctions on staff
Legal sanction
44.7%
37.0%
62.7%
Arrested
27.9
16.8
48.6
Referred for prosecution
34.3
34.6
35.1
Loss of job
81.8
81.7
79.3
Discharged
41.3
30.3
55.5
Staff resigned (prior to investigation)
30.1
32.7
27.0
Staff resigned (after investigation)
13.2
19.7
3.6
Other sanction
17.0
16.8
19.8
Reprimanded/disciplined
11.8
12.5
11.8
Demoted/diminished responsibilities
3.5
1.0
8.1
Transferred to another facility
2.3
3.4
0
Note: Detail may sum to more than 100% because multiple responses were allowed for each item.
a
Includes substantiated incidents reported by private prisons and jails, Indian country jails, and
facilities operated by the U.S. military and ICE.
b
Includes "stayed in same unit," "transferred elsewhere in facility," and "incident reported after
release."

tions, and then sampled systematically, to provide a representative
national sample. A total of 72 jurisdictions were sampled with certainty (corresponding to the largest jurisdiction in
each State plus 26 jurisdictions
selected due to their large size). An
additional 278 jurisdictions were
selected from 4 strata, with probabilities of selection proportionate to size.
Jail administrators were directed to
report on all publicly operated facilities
within their jurisdiction. Of the 350
selected facilities, 3 had closed.
4. A sample of 5 privately operated
jails was also selected based on the
data reported in the 2004 Deaths in
Custody collection. The 38 private
facilities were sorted by region and
their average daily population during
2004. Facilities were selected systematically using a random start and a
fixed sampling interval.
5. Three additional samples of other
correctional facilities were drawn to
represent:
a) jails in Indian country (7 facilities
holding adults were selected from a
total of 68 based on probabilities proportionate to size);
b) military-operated facilities (all of the
59 facilities operated by the Armed
Services in the continental U.S.);
c) 14 facilities operated by the Bureau
of Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
Data for each correctional system and
sampled facility are displayed in the
Appendix tables. In each table a measure of population size has been provided as a basis of comparison; however, the survey results should not be
used to rank systems or facilities. Variations in the number of allegations and
substantiated incidents may reflect differences in definitions and reporting
criteria, as well as variations in procedures for recording allegations and in
the thoroughness of subsequent investigations.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

11

U.S. Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs
Bureau of Justice Statistics

*NCJ~214646*

PRESORTED STANDARD
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
DOJ/BJS
Permit No. G-91

Washington, DC 20531

Official Business
Penalty for Private Use $300

The Bureau of Justice Statistics is the
statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. Jeffrey L. Sedgwick
is director.
Allen J. Beck and Paige M. Harrison
wrote this report. Laura Maruschak,
Seri Palla, and Maura Spiegelman
verified the report. Tina Dorsey, Carolyn Williams, and Marianne W. Zawitz
produced and edited the report.
Jayne Robinson prepared the report
for publication.
Timothy A. Hughes and Paige M. Harrison, under the supervision of Allen
J. Beck, designed the survey, devel-

This report in portable document format and in ASCII and its related statistical data and tables—including five
appendix tables—are available at the
BJS World Wide Web Internet site:
<http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/>

12 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

oped the questionnaires, and monitored data collection and data
processing.
Pamela H. Butler, Greta B. Clark, and
Nicole D. Simpson carried out data
collection and processing, under the
supervision of Charlene M. Sebold,
Governments Division, Census
Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce. Patricia D. Torreyson, Pearl E.
Chase, and D. Alicia Gumbs assisted
in data collection. Suzanne M. Dorinski drew the facility samples and provided sampling weights.
July 2006, NCJ 214646

Office of Justice Programs
Partnerships for Safer Communities
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov

Appendix table 1a. Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by State or Federal prison authorities, by type, 2005
Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts

Jurisdiction

Prisoners
in custody, Allega6/30/2005a tions

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts

Investigation
SubUnsubstantiated stantiated Unfounded ongoing

InvestiAllega- SubUnsubgation
tions
stantiated stantiated Unfounded ongoing

Total

1,337,473

1,443

163

582

442

236

423

103

235

62

13

Federalb
State

156,643
1,180,830

25
1,418

5
158

/
582

/
442

/
236

40
383

30
73

/
235

/
62

/
13

25,161
3,248
27,204
12,568
161,709

9
1
17
7
59

1
1
6
1
4

4
0
4
3
28

4
0
6
1
16

0
0
1
2
11

1
/
6
0
16

0
/
2
0
2

0
/
1
0
8

1
/
3
0
0

0
/
0
0
6

Colorado
Connecticutc
Delaware
Florida
Georgiac

16,997
19,087
6,916
79,478
43,057

27
21
2
124
37

15
0
0
0
0

8
20
0
101
0

4
1
2
14
4

0
0
0
9
33

11
/
1
19
/

8
/
0
0
/

3
/
0
14
/

0
/
1
5
/

0
/
0
0
/

Hawaiic
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa

3,931
6,136
44,669
22,304
8,578

8
15
17
27
11

4
3
1
3
0

3
5
14
12
5

1
7
0
11
3

0
0
2
1
3

/
11
0
3
8

/
5
0
0
0

/
6
0
1
0

/
0
0
2
8

/
0
0
0
0

Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

9,068
11,366
16,667
2,063
23,086

25
3
10
4
15

1
0
1
3
2

7
2
6
0
10

16
1
1
1
0

1
0
2
0
3

17
10
1
0
1

1
4
0
0
1

14
4
0
0
0

1
2
1
0
0

1
0
0
0
0

Massachusetts
Michiganc
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri

10,159
48,535
7,996
11,643
31,000

10
48
12
1
36

2
19
1
0
1

2
29
2
1
25

5
0
9
0
5

1
0
0
0
5

21
/
1
0
21

9
/
1
0
4

2
/
0
0
11

10
/
0
0
2

0
/
0
0
4

Montana
Nebraskac
Nevadac
New Hampshirec,d,e
New Jerseyc

1,911
4,308
11,155
2,456
26,353

2
10
14
18
3

2
0
0
18
0

0
0
7
/
0

0
10
2
/
2

0
0
5
/
1

3
/
/
/
/

2
/
/
/
/

1
/
/
/
/

0
/
/
/
/

0
/
/
/
/

New Mexico
New York
North Carolinac
North Dakota
Ohio

3,757
63,234
36,477
1,287
42,346

0
28
20
1
71

0
1
7
0
11

0
14
12
0
10

0
0
1
1
50

0
13
0
0
0

0
1
/
8
27

0
1
/
4
12

0
0
/
1
6

0
0
/
3
9

0
0
/
0
0

Oklahomaa
Oregon
Pennsylvaniac
Rhode Island
South Carolinad

17,196
12,769
40,649
3,364
23,057

23
25
16
1
0

3
4
6
1
0

10
15
10
0
0

10
2
0
0
0

0
4
0
0
0

2
3
/
3
0

1
0
/
1
0

1
3
/
1
0

0
0
/
1
0

0
0
/
0
0

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermonte

3,385
14,303
141,247
4,775
1,601

6
25
511
14
19

1
3
10
3
1

3
12
145
8
17

2
7
225
3
1

0
3
131
0
0

7
7
143
7
20

2
2
5
3
1

3
2
131
2
18

2
1
7
2
1

0
2
0
0
0

Virginiae
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsinf
Wyoming

29,445
16,126
3,966
21,850
1,187

7
25
3
24
6

1
7
2
6
2

0
12
0
13
3

4
5
0
4
1

2
1
1
1
0

0
0
1
/
3

0
0
1
/
1

0
0
0
/
2

0
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California

/Not reported.
inmates in private facilities. Counts were based on National Prisoners Statistics (NPS-1A), 2005.
bAllegations were reported for occurrences in 2005; findings may include cases from previous years.
c
Allegations of abusive sexual contacts could not be counted separately from allegations of nonconsensual sexual acts.
d
Allegations limited to substantiated occurrences only.
e
Allegations limited to completed acts only.
f
Reports of abusive sexual contacts were based on a broader category of inmate sexual misconduct.
aExcludes

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

13

Appendix table 1b. Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by State or Federal prison authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates

Unfounded

Investigation
ongoing

1,829

195

867

243

519

914

39

478

172

226

203
1,626

6
189

80
787

5
238

107
412

/
914

/
39

/
478

/
172

/
226

2
1
63
29
51

0
1
3
5
6

0
0
35
4
22

2
0
24
15
4

0
0
1
5
19

1
0
1
2
37

0
0
0
0
2

0
0
0
1
22

1
0
1
1
9

0
0
0
0
4

21
19
2
264
226

9
0
0
5
0

2
15
0
232
87

4
0
2
15
0

6
4
0
12
139

8
/
1
77
218

0
/
1
0
0

1
/
0
67
114

5
/
0
1
0

2
/
0
9
104

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa

8
10
0
35
19

3
3
0
15
4

1
2
0
9
7

1
3
0
10
6

3
2
0
1
2

1
4
0
13
1

0
0
0
2
1

0
0
0
8
0

0
4
0
3
0

1
0
0
0
0

Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

48
13
73
2
17

5
5
8
1
0

25
5
44
0
12

8
3
7
1
1

10
0
14
0
4

12
0
48
7
0

0
0
0
3
0

12
0
33
2
0

0
0
8
1
0

0
0
7
1
0

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri

70
35
19
6
54

4
3
2
5
2

12
7
8
0
41

21
19
6
0
4

33
6
3
1
7

6
245
0
0
42

0
1
0
0
3

2
118
0
0
31

1
126
0
0
0

3
0
0
0
9

0
2
1
6
9

0
1
0
4
2

0
0
0
2
5

0
1
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
1

0
/
/
5
3

0
/
/
1
1

0
/
/
2
2

0
/
/
2
0

0
/
/
0
0

New Mexico
New York
North Carolinaa,c
North Dakota
Ohio

0
138
14
4
18

0
13
13
1
2

0
60
0
0
14

0
0
1
3
1

0
65
0
0
1

0
20
/
0
22

0
2
/
0
0

0
8
/
0
17

0
0
/
0
0

0
10
/
0
5

Oklahomaa
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolinac

19
35
39
12
1

5
13
7
3
1

11
0
24
6
0

3
14
0
3
0

0
8
8
0
0

/
3
8
0
0

/
0
0
0
0

/
0
5
0
0

/
3
0
0
0

/
0
3
0
0

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texasa
Utah
Vermont

4
20
54
5
15

1
8
4
0
4

1
7
22
2
4

2
2
1
3
7

0
3
27
0
0

0
4
/
2
115

0
1
/
1
16

0
1
/
1
29

0
0
/
0
6

0
2
/
0
64

Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

24
38
1
77
3

5
5
0
7
1

4
18
1
35
1

8
4
0
27
0

7
11
0
8
1

1
2
0
4
1

0
1
0
2
1

0
1
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
1
0

Jurisdiction
Total
Federala,b
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticuta
Delaware
Florida
Georgia

Montana
Nebraskaa
Nevadaa
New Hampshire
New Jersey

Allega- Subtions
stantiated

Unsubstantiated

/Not reported.
aReports of staff sexual misconduct may include reports of staff sexual harassment.
b
Excludes 5 cases disposed of administratively.
cReports of staff sexual misconduct are based on substantiated allegations only.
dReports of staff sexual harassment are not recorded in a central database.

14 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Allegations

Substantiated

Unsubstantiated

Unfounded

Investigation
ongoing

Appendix table 2a. Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Total

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

328,655

263

32

94

78

57

12

17

24

16
160
71
207
44
94
6
835
1,433
83
2
297

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Alaska
Unalaska Citya,b

4

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Arizona
Maricopa County
Mohave County
Pinal Countya

9,515
441
698

9
0
0

0
0
0

6
0
0

3
0
0

2
0
/

0
0
/

2
0
/

0
0
/

7
227
66
40
857
2

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

/
/
/
/
0
0

/
/
/
/
0
0

/
/
/
/
0
0

/
/
/
/
0
0

76
1,627
3,029
2,198
307
19,488
215
6,164
3,268
4,123
5,592
5,172
503
4,525
599
10
1,061
1,284

0
0
2
1
0
4
0
2
0
1
0
12
0
2
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
0
4
0
2
0
0
0
10
0
2
0
0
0
0

0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0

0
/
2
2
0
4
0
1
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0

0
/
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0

0
/
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0

0
/
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0

Colorado
Adams Countya
Denver Citya,d,e
Gilpin Countya
La Plata Countya
Larimer Countya
Mesa Countya
Sedgwick Countyb

1,197
2,336
53
175
528
365
3

1
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
/
/
/
/
/
0

/
/
/
/
/
/
0

/
/
/
/
/
/
0

/
/
/
/
/
/
0

District of Columbiac

3,588

3

0

2

0

/

/

/

/

Florida
Bradford County
Broward Countyc,e
Charlotte County
Dade Countya
Hillsborough Countya
Indian River County
Jacksonville Citya
Orange Countya
Palm Beach County

226
5,482
471
6,772
4,637
627
3,420
3,706
2,789

0
3
0
3
0
0
13
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0

0
3
0
2
0
0
0
0
0

0
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
0

0
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
0

0
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
0

0
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
0

Alabama
Attalla City
Autauga County
Bibb County
Chilton County
Crenshaw Countya
Franklin County
Lipscomb City
Madison County
Mobile Countyb
Pickens County
Pleasant Grove City
Russell County

Arkansas
Brinkley Citya
Craighead Countya
Dallas Countyc
Drew Countya
Pulaski County Regionalb
Warren City
California
Calaveras County
Contra Costa Countya
Fresno County
Kern County
Kings County
Los Angeles County
Nevada County
Orange County
Riverside County
Sacramento County
San Bernardino County
San Diego Countya
San Luis Obispo County
Santa Clara Countya
Santa Cruz Countya,d
Sierra County
Solano Countya
Stanislaus County

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

15

Appendix table 2a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated stantiated
Unfounded

Florida (continued)
Pinellas Countya
Polk County
St. Lucie County
Sarasota Countyb
Seminole County
Taylor County
Volusia County
Wakulla County

3,317
2,724
1,073
873
933
123
1,575
218

0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
1
0
4
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
2
0

/
0
0
0
1
0
1
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

Georgia
Augusta-Richmond County
Ben Hill County
Butts County
Carroll County Cor. Inst.
Carroll Countya
Cobb Countya
Decatur County
DeKalb Countya
East Point City
Forsyth County
Fulton Countya
Gwinnett County Cor. Inst.a
Gwinnett County
Lowndes County
Milledgeville City
Monroe County
Muscogee Countya,e
Peach County
Polk Countya
Taylor Countya
Troup Countyd
Upson County

1,087
116
118
230
478
2,265
296
3,032
62
136
3,200
723
1,766
645
4
128
598
70
150
27
428
151

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
0

25
111
579

0
0
1

0
0
0

0
0
1

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

Illinois
Adams County
Cook County
Jackson Countya
Jo Daviess County
Kankakee County
Stark County
Will Countya
Woodford County

106
9,854
108
25
385
6
568
42

0
12
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

Indiana
Clinton Countya
Floyd County
Greene Countya
Hendricks County
Lake Countya
Marion Countya
Perry County
Porter Countya
Shelby Countya
Tippecanoe Countya
Vermillion County

118
273
83
276
970
2,584
38
493
187
504
78

0
15
0
1
0
4
0
4
0
0
0

0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
2
0
0
0
2
0
4
0
0
0

0
3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0

/
/
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
/
0

/
/
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
/
0

/
/
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
/
0

/
/
/
0
/
/
0
/
/
/
0

915
8
7
380
151
9
971

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
/
0
/
0
/
/

0
/
0
/
0
/
/

0
/
0
/
0
/
/

0
/
0
/
0
/
/

Idaho
Adams County
Bingham County
Canyon County

Iowa
Buchanan County
Davis Countya
Fremont County
Linn Countyc
Marshall County
Mills Countya
Polk Countya

16 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 2a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Kansas
Galena City
Geary County
Kingman Countya
Ottawa County
Sedgwick County
Stevens Countya

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated stantiated
Unfounded

4
79
8
59
1,501
14

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
/
0
3
/

0
0
/
0
0
/

0
0
/
0
1
/

0
0
/
0
0
/

Kentucky
Campbell County
Daviess Countya
Hardin County
Laurel County
Louisville-Jefferson
Countya
Mason County
Meade County
Ohio Countya
Oldham Countyc,d
Whitley Countyf

294
650
523
365

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
/
0
0

0
/
0
0

0
/
0
0

0
/
0
0

1,830
119
142
47
90
90

1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
/
/
0

/
0
0
/
/
0

/
0
0
/
/
0

/
0
0
/
/
0

Louisiana
Amite City
Avoyelles Parish
Calcasieu Parish
Iberia Parisha
Jennings City
Orleans Parisha
Ouachita Parisha,e
St. Charles Parisha
St. James Parish
St. Landry Parish
Terrebonne Parishc
Washington Parish

12
1,000
1,190
450
41
3,969
850
508
91
211
616
179

0
0
5
0
0
7
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
3
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
2
0
0
/
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
/
0
/
/
/
0
3
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
/
/
/
0
0
/
0

0
0
1
/
0
/
/
/
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
/
/
/
0
3
/
0

413
44

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
/

0
/

0
/

0
/

Maryland
Baltimore City
Montgomery County
Prince Georges County
St. Mary’s County

3,710
978
1,256
306

2
0
1
2

0
0
0
1

1
0
0
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

Massachusetts
Hampden County
Hampshire County
Middlesex Countya
Plymouth Countya

1,607
270
1,182
1,514

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
1
/
0

1
1
/
0

0
0
/
0

0
0
/
0

Michigan
Delta Countya,d,e
Dickson County
Genesee County
Jackson County
Kalkaska Countya
Livingston Countya
Mackinac Countya
Macomb County
Monroe County
Van Buren Countya,d
Wayne County

89
77
575
410
47
217
29
1,409
369
178
2,712

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
4

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
/
/
/
3
0
/
2

/
0
0
0
/
/
/
0
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
/
/
/
1
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
/
/
/
2
0
/
2

Minnesota
Hennepin County
Houston County
Nicollet County
Winona County
Wright County

552
12
34
41
83

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

Mississippi
Attalla County
Claiborne County
Harrison Countya,d

32
10
925

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

Maine
Cumberland County
Oxford Countya

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

17

Appendix table 2a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Mississippi (continued)
Kemper-Neshoba County
Regional
Leflore County
Stone County
Washington County
Wayne Countya

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

52
130
344
74
49

0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/

0
0
0
0
/

0
0
0
0
/

0
0
0
0
/

76
22
501
12
41
132
123
3
136
1,572

0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
/

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
/

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
/

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
/

5
40
430

0
0
1

0
0
1

0
0
0

0
0
0

/
1
/

/
1
/

/
0
/

/
0
/

Nebraska
Cedar County
Douglas Countya
Fillmore Countya,d,e
Seward Countya

3
1,034
3
23

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
/
/
/

0
/
/
/

0
/
/
/

0
/
/
/

Nevada
Clark County
Lander County
Washoe County

3,296
22
1,077

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

1
0
1

1
0
1

0
0
0

0
0
0

524
180

1
0

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
/

0
/

0
/

0
/

New Jersey
Bergen County
Essex County
Hudson County
Middlesex County
Ocean Countya
Salem County

989
2,138
2,064
1,152
471
270

0
2
3
2
1
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
2
/
0
0
0

0
2
3
0
/
0

0
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
0
/
0

0
2
3
0
/
0

New Mexico
Bernalillo County
Lea County
Rio Arriba Countya
San Juan County
Sierra County

2,239
289
120
598
60

8
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0

2
0
0
0
0

4
0
0
0
0

2
0
/
2
0

0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
2
0

1
0
/
0
0

714
100
1,581
13,420
672
145
320
162

1
0
2
6
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0

1
0
1
2
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0

276
88
511
113
73
145
2,178
517
200
1,682

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0

/
0
1
0
/
/
/
/
/
0

/
0
0
0
/
/
/
/
/
0

/
0
0
0
/
/
/
/
/
0

/
0
1
0
/
/
/
/
/
0

Missouri
Callaway County
Clinton County
Greene County
Howard County
Howell County
Kansas City
Phelps County
Reynolds County
St. Francois Countya
St. Louis Citya
Montana
Glacier Countya,e
Lake County
Yellowstone Countya,e

New Hampshire
Hillsborough County
Merrimack Countya

New York
Erie County Holding Center
Livingston County
Nassau Countye
New York Citya
Onondaga County
Oswego County
Rensselaer Countya
Steuben County
North Carolina
Alamance Countya
Beaufort County
Cumberland County
Dare County
Greene Countya
Harnett County
Mecklenburg Countya
New Hanover Countya
Randolph Countya
Wake County

18 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 2a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
North Dakota
Cass County
Grand Forks County
Mercer County

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
Allega- SubUnsubtions
stantiated stantiated
Unfounded

223
113
25

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

Ohio
Ashland Countya
Brown County
Butler Countya
Carroll County
Clark Countya
Franklin County
Greene Countya
Hamilton County
Highland Heights City
Mahoning County
Muskingum County
Richland County

95
46
766
41
227
2,370
370
2,101
1
428
169
133

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
/
0
/
0
/
1
0
0
0
0

/
0
/
0
/
0
/
1
0
0
0
0

/
0
/
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
/
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0

Oklahoma
Coal County
Comanche Countya
Custer Countya
Eufaula Citya
Johnston County
Le Flore Countyb,e
Oklahoma Countya
Okmulgee Countya

15
230
75
3
41
67
2,800
140

0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0

0
/
/
/
0
0
/
/

0
/
/
/
0
0
/
/

0
/
/
/
0
0
/
/

0
/
/
/
0
0
/
/

Oregon
Deschutes County
Josephine County
Lane County
Multnomah Countya

231
130
572
1,495

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

Pennsylvania
Allegheny County
Cumberland Countyd
Dauphin County
Greene Countya
Lebanon County
Luzerne County
Montgomery County
Philadelphia City
Pike County
Union Countyd

2,394
350
1,265
112
449
753
1,543
7,792
279
60

0
0
4
0
0
0
2
5
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0

0
0
4
0
0
0
2
1
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

243
1,466
34
609
98

0
7
0
2
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
2
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
1
/
/
/

0
0
/
/
/

0
0
/
/
/

0
0
/
/
/

393

0

0

0

0

/

/

/

/

34
560

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

/
/

/
/

/
/

/
/

82
203
47
294
1,052
112
2,250
114
46
2,519
575

0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
2
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0

0
0
0
0
0
/
1
0
0
/
/

0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
/

0
0
0
0
0
/
1
0
0
/
/

0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
/

South Carolina
Beaufort County
Charleston County
Edgefield Countya
Lexington Countya,d,e
Pickens Countyc
Sumter-Lee County
Regionala
South Dakota
Charles Mix Countya
Minnehaha Countya
Tennessee
De Kalb County
Dickson County
Fentress County
Greene County
Knox County
Lincoln Countyc
Nashville-Davidson County
Rhea County
Scott County
Shelby Countya
Sullivan Countya

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

19

Appendix table 2a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility

Average
daily
population, Allega2005
tions

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated stantiated
Unfounded

Texas
Bell County
Bexar County
Brown Countya
Burleson County
Cameron County
Comal Countya
Crane Countya
Dallas Countya
El Paso County
Falls Countya
Fort Bend County
Galveston County
Grayson Countya
Gregg County
Hale Countya
Harris County
Hutchison Countya
Johnson Countya
Kemah City
Lamar County
Live Oak County
Lubbock County
Medina County
Robertson County
Tarrant Countya
Travis Countya
Zavala County

645
3,871
155
60
968
263
12
7,629
2,110
93
835
882
463
512
118
8,730
57
480
1
174
25
731
85
28
3,299
2,629
63

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
10
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
2
0

0
0
/
0
0
/
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
/
1
/
/
0
0
0
2
0
0
/
/
0

0
0
/
0
0
/
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
/
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
/
0

0
0
/
0
0
/
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
/
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
/
0

0
0
/
0
0
/
/
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
/
1
/
/
0
0
0
2
0
0
/
/
0

Utah
Carbon County
Rich County
Salt Lake County
Washington Countya

76
1
1,913
450

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
1
/

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

0
0
1
/

Virginia
Albemarle-Charlottesville
Regional
Augusta Countya
Henrico County
Loudon County
Newport News Citya
Norfolk City
Pamunkey Regional
Rappahannock Regionala
Richmond City
Shenandoah County
Virginia Peninsula Regional
Warren Countya

446
223
1,143
155
656
1,664
411
964
1,378
75
381
119

1
0
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
/

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
/

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
/

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
/

Washington
King Countya
Pacific County
Pierce Countya
Spokane Countya
Thurston Countya
Whatcom Countya

2,303
34
1,298
621
432
263

0
0
0
1
4
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
1
0

0
0
0
0
3
0

/
0
/
/
/
/

/
0
/
/
/
/

/
0
/
/
/
/

/
0
/
/
/
/

486
459

0
2

0
0

0
1

0
1

0
/

0
/

0
/

0
/

West Virginia
Kanawha County Regional
Raleigh County Regionala

20 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 2a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Wisconsin
Marathon County
Milwaukee County
Milwaukee County House
of Cor.a
Polk County
Richland County
Sawyer County
Washington County
Waukesha County
Wyoming
Albany Countyc,f
Converse Countya
Natrona Countya

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

293
863

0
1

0
0

0
1

0
0

1
0

1
0

0
0

0
0

2,327
108
27
30
202
563

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

/
0
1
0
1
3

/
0
1
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
1
0

/
0
0
0
0
3

73
35
305

0
0
1

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
1

/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/

Note: The total number of allegations includes ongoing investigations (not shown).
/Not reported.
a
Allegations of abusive sexual contacts could not be counted separately from allegations of nonconsensual sexual acts.
bNumber of inmates confined on December 31, 2005.
c
Reports of abusive sexual contacts are not recorded in a central database.
dAllegations limited to substantiated occurrences only.
e
Allegations limited to completed acts only.
f
Number of inmates confined on June 30, 2005.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

21

Appendix table 2b. Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded
Total

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

184

53

50

42

39

3

12

15

Alabama
Attalla City
Autauga County
Bibb Countya
Chilton County
Crenshaw Countya
Franklin County
Lipscomb City
Madison County
Mobile County
Pickens County
Pleasant Grove City
Russell County

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
2
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
2
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Alaska
Unalaska Cityb

0

0

0

0

/

/

/

/

Arizona
Maricopa County
Mohave County
Pinal Countya

9
0
0

1
0
0

4
0
0

3
0
0

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

Arkansas
Brinkley City
Craighead Countya,c
Dallas Countyb,d
Drew County
Pulaski County Regional
Warren City

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
/
/
1
0
0

0
/
/
0
0
0

0
/
/
0
0
0

0
/
/
1
0
0

California
Calaveras County
Contra Costa Countya
Fresno County
Kern County
Kings County
Los Angeles County
Nevada County
Orange County
Riverside County
Sacramento County
San Bernardino County
San Diego County
San Luis Obispo County
Santa Clara County
Santa Cruz County
Sierra County
Solano County
Stanislaus Countya,c

0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
/
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
/

0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
/

0
/
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/

0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
/

Colorado
Adams County
Denver Citya
Gilpin Countya
La Plata County
Larimer County
Mesa County
Sedgwick Countya

1
0
0
0
2
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
2
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
/
/
0
1
0
/

0
/
/
0
0
0
/

0
/
/
0
1
0
/

0
/
/
0
0
0
/

District of Columbia

3

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0
10
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
1

0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1

0
/
0
5
/
0
1
0
0
1
0

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
/
0
1
/
0
0
0
0
1
0

0
/
0
2
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

Florida
Bradford County
Broward Countyb
Charlotte County
Dade County
Hillsborough Countya
Indian River County
Jacksonville City
Orange County
Palm Beach County
Pinellas County
Polk County

22 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 2b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Florida (continued)
Sarasota County
Seminole County
Taylor County
Volusia County
Wakulla County
Georgia
Augusta-Richmond County
Ben Hill County
Butts County
Carroll County Cor. Inst.
Carroll Countya
Cobb County
Decatur County
DeKalb Countya
East Point City
Forsyth County
Fulton County
Gwinnett County Cor. Inst.
Gwinnett County
Lowndes County
Milledgeville City
Monroe County
Muscogee Countya,c
Peach County
Polk Countya
Taylor Countya
Troup County
Upson Countya

0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
1
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/

0
0
0
0
/
0
0
/
0
0
/
1
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/

Idaho
Adams County
Bingham County
Canyon County

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

Illinois
Adams County
Cook County
Jackson County
Jo Daviess County
Kankakee County
Stark County
Will Countya
Woodford County

0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0

Indiana
Clinton Countya
Floyd Countya
Greene Countya
Hendricks County
Lake County
Marion County
Perry County
Porter Countyd
Shelby Countya
Tippecanoe Countya
Vermillion County

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
/
1
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
1
1
0

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0

/
/
/
0
0
0
0
1
/
/
0

/
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
/
/
0

/
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
/
/
0

/
/
/
0
0
0
0
1
/
/
0

Iowa
Buchanan County
Davis County
Fremont County
Linn Countya
Marshall County
Mills Countya
Polk County

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
/
0

0
0
0
/
0
/
0

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

23

Appendix table 2b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

Kansas
Galena City
Geary County
Kingman County
Ottawa County
Sedgwick County
Stevens Countya

0
0
0
0
2
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
/

0
0
0
0
0
/

0
0
0
0
0
/

0
0
0
0
0
/

Kentucky
Campbell County
Daviess County
Hardin Countya
Laurel County
Louisville-Jefferson Countya
Mason County
Meade County
Ohio Countya
Oldham Countyc
Whitley County

0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
/
0
0
/
0
0

Louisiana
Amite Citya
Avoyelles Parish
Calcasieu Parish
Iberia Parisha
Jennings City
Orleans Parisha
Ouachita Parisha
St. Charles Parish
St. James Parisha
St. Landry Parish
Terrebonne Parish
Washington Parisa

0
0
3
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
3
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/
0
/
/
0
/
0
0
/

Maine
Cumberland County
Oxford County

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

Maryland
Baltimore City
Montgomery County
Prince Georges County
St. Mary's County

1
1
1
0

0
1
0
0

1
0
1
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

Massachusetts
Hampden Countya
Hampshire County
Middlesex County
Plymouth Countya,c

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/

Michigan
Delta Countya
Dickson County
Genesee County
Jackson County
Kalkaska County
Livingston Countya
Mackinac County
Macomb County
Monroe County
Van Buren Countya,c
Wayne County

0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0

Minnesota
Hennepin County
Houston County
Nicollet Countya
Winona County
Wright County

1
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

1
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
0

24 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 2b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations
stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Mississippi
Attalla County
Claiborne County
Harrison Countya,c
Kemper-Neshoba County
Regionala
Leflore County
Stone County
Washington County
Wayne County

0
0
1

0
0
1

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

1
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0

Missouri
Callaway County
Clinton County
Greene County
Howard County
Howell County
Kansas City
Phelps County
Reynolds County
St. Francois County
St. Louis City

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Montana
Glacier Countyc
Lake County
Yellowstone Countya

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

0
0
/

Nebraska
Cedar County
Douglas County
Fillmore Countyc
Seward Countya

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

0
0
0
/

Nevada
Clark County
Lander County
Washoe County

1
0
2

0
0
0

0
0
0

1
0
2

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

New Hampshire
Hillsborough County
Merrimack Countya

0
5

0
0

0
5

0
0

0
/

0
/

0
/

0
/

New Jersey
Bergen County
Essex County
Hudson County
Middlesex County
Ocean County
Salem County

0
0
1
1
2
1

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

New Mexico
Bernalillo Countyb
Lea Countya
Rio Arriba County
San Juan County
Sierra County

4
0
0
0
0

2
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0

/
/
0
0
0

/
/
0
0
0

/
/
0
0
0

/
/
0
0
0

3
0
0
25
1
0
2
0

0
0
0
2
1
0
2
0

0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0

2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
/
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
/
1
0
/

0
/
0
0
/

0
/
0
0
/

0
/
1
0
/

New York
Erie County Holding Center
Livingston County
Nassau County
New York Citya
Onondaga County
Oswego County
Rensselaer County
Steuben County
North Carolina
Alamance County
Beaufort Countya
Cumberland County
Dare County
Greene Countya

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

25

Appendix table 2b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations
stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

North Carolina (continued)
Harnett County
Mecklenburg Countya
New Hanover Countya
Randolph Countya
Wake County

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
/
/
/
0

0
/
/
/
0

0
/
/
/
0

0
/
/
/
0

North Dakota
Cass County
Grand Forks County
Mercer County

1
0
0

0
0
0

1
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

Ohio
Ashland County
Brown County
Butler Countya
Carroll County
Clark County
Franklin County
Greene Countya
Hamilton County
Highland Heights City
Mahoning County
Muskingum County
Richland County

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0

Oklahoma
Coal County
Comanche Countyc
Custer County
Eufaula Citya
Johnston County
Le Flore County
Oklahoma County
Okmulgee County

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0

Oregon
Deschutes Countya
Josephine County
Lane County
Multnomah Countya

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

/
0
1
/

/
0
0
/

/
0
0
/

/
0
1
/

Pennsylvania
Allegheny County
Cumberland Countyc
Dauphin County
Greene County
Lebanon County
Luzerne County
Montgomery County
Philadelphia City
Pike County
Union County

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
12
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

South Carolina
Beaufort County
Charleston County
Edgefield County
Lexington County
Pickens County
Sumter-Lee County Regional

1
3
0
0
0
0

0
2
0
0
0
0

1
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

South Dakota
Charles Mix Countya
Minnehaha Countya

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

/
/

/
/

/
/

/
/

Tennessee
De Kalb County
Dickson County
Fentress County
Greene County

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1

26 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 2b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations
stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated stantiated

Unfounded

Tenneessee (continued
Knox Countya
Lincoln County
Nashville-Davidson County
Rhea County
Scott County
Shelby County
Sullivan Countya

1
0
6
0
0
0
0

1
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
4
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
1
0
3
/

/
0
0
0
0
0
/

/
0
0
0
0
3
/

/
0
0
0
0
0
/

Texas
Bell County
Bexar County
Brown Countya,c
Burleson County
Cameron County
Comal County
Crane Countya
Dallas Countya
El Paso County
Falls County
Fort Bend County
Galveston County
Grayson County
Gregg County
Hale Countya
Harris County
Hutchison Countya
Johnson County
Kemah City
Lamar County
Live Oak County
Lubbock County
Medina County
Robertson County
Tarrant Countya
Travis County
Zavala County

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
3
4
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0
/
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0

Utah
Carbon Countya
Rich County
Salt Lake County
Washington County

0
0
15
1

0
0
10
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
3
1

/
0
1
2

/
0
1
0

/
0
0
0

/
0
0
2

3
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
1
1
0

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0

0
/
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
1
/
0

Virginia
Albemarle-Charlottesville
Regional
Augusta Countya
Henrico County
Loudon County
Newport News Citya
Norfolk City
Pamunkey Regional
Rappahannock Regional
Richmond City
Shenandoah County
Virginia Peninsula Regional
Warren County

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

27

Appendix table 2b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported by local jail authorities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations
stantiated
stantiated

Unfounded

Washington
King County
Pacific County
Pierce Countya
Spokane County
Thurston County
Whatcom County

5
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0
/
0
0
0

1
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

0
0
/
0
0
0

West Virgina
Kanawha County Regional
Raleigh County Regionala

1
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

1
/

0
/

0
/

1
/

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0

/
0
0

/
0
0

/
0
0

/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/
/

Wisconsin
Marathon Countya
Milwaukee County
Milwaukee County House
of Cor.a
Polk County
Richland County
Sawyer County
Washington County
Waukesha County
Wyoming
Albany Countyb,d
Converse Countyb
Natrona Countya

Note: The total number of allegations includes ongoing investigations (not shown).
/Not reported.
aReports of staff sexual misconduct may include reports of staff sexual harassment.
bReports of staff sexual harassment are not recorded in a central database.
c
Reports of staff sexual misconduct are based on substantiated allegations only.
dReports of staff sexual misconduct are not recorded in a central database.

28 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 3a. Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported in private prisons and jails, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Total

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubAllegastantiated
stantiated
Unfounded tions

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated
stantiated
Unfounded

42,966

34

7

13

2

3

0

3

0

Arizona
Arizona State Prison- Kingman
(MTC)a
Central Arizona Detention
Center (CCA)

1,022

0

0

0

0

/

/

/

/

3,259

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

California
Central Valley Community Cor.
(GEO)a
Taft Correctional Institution
(GEO)

532

0

0

0

0

/

/

/

/

2,293

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

456

0

0

0

0

/

/

/

/

920
201

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

16

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

850

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

Colorado
ComCor, Inc.a
Crowley County Correctional
Facility (CSC)
Phoenix Center
Connecticut
Cochegan House (Connections)
Florida
Bay County Jail and Annex
(CCA)
Moore Haven Correctional
Facility (GEO)
South Bay Correctional Facility
(GEO)

747

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1,462

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Georgia
Wheeler Correctional
Facility (CCA)

1,500

13

1

0

0

1

0

1

0

Indiana
Volunteers of America
of Indiana (VOA)

94

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Kentucky
Lee Adjustment Center (CORC)

770

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

Louisiana
Allen Correctional Center (GEO)

1,450

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

Mississippi
Delta Correctional Facility (CCA)
East Mississippi Correctional
Facility (GEO)

963

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

858

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

New Jersey
Hope Hall (VOA)

152

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

New Mexico
Guadalupe County Correctional
Facilty (GEO)a

591

0

0

0

0

/

/

/

/

1,428

5

0

5

0

0

0

0

0

Ohio
Lake Erie Correctional
Institution (MTC)b,c
Oklahoma
Cimarron Correctional
Facility (CCA)
Diamondback Correctional
Facility (CCA)

952

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1,892

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Pennsylvania
George W. Hill Correctional
Facility (GEO)

1,919

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1,950

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1,077

3

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

1,630

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tennessee
Hardeman County Correctional
Center (CCA)
Metro Davidson County Detention Facility (CCA)
South Central Correctional
Center (CORC)

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

29

Appendix table 3a (continued). Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported in private prisons and jails, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Texas
Big Spring Community Cor.
Center (Cornell)a
Bradshaw State Jail (CORC)
Bridgeport Pre-Parole Facility
(CCA)a
Dawson State Jail (CCA)
Houston/Reid Community Cor.
Facility (Cornell)
Limestone County Detention
Center (CiviGenics)
Lockhart Pre-Parole
Facility (GEO)
Mineral Wells Pre-Parole
Facility (CCA)
Willacy County State Jail (CCA)
Virgina
Lawrenceville Correctional
Center (CCA)

Average
daily
population,
2005

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
onconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubstantistantiated
ated
Unfounded

Allegations

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubstantiated stantiated Unfounded

2,792
1,973

2
0

0
0

2
0

0
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

196
2,166

0
2

0
0

0
1

0
1

/
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

444

2

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

762

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

998

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2,030
1,053

0
2

0
0

0
2

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

1,568

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Note: The total number of allegations includes ongoing investigations (not shown).
Abbreviations or acronyms of private corporations:
CCA - Corrections Corporation of America.
CiviGenics - CiviGenics Corporation.
Connections - The Connections Incorporated.
CORC - Corrections Corporation.
CSC - Correctional Services Corporation.
Cornell - Cornell Companies, Incorporated.
GEO - Global Expertise in Outsourcing.
MTC - Management and Training Corporation.
VOA - Volunteers of America.
/Not reported.
a
Allegations of abusive sexual contacts could not be counted separately from allegations of nonconsensual sexual acts.
bAllegations limited to substantiated occurrences only.
c
Allegations limited to completed acts only.

30 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 3b. Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported in private prisons and jails, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated stantiated
Unfounded
Total
Arizona
Arizona State Prison-Kingman (MTC)
Central Arizona Detention Center
(CCA)
California
Central Valley Community Cor. (GEO)a
Taft Correctional Institution (GEO)

Reported allegations of staff
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated stantiated
Unfounded

29

6

18

5

7

0

7

0

0

0

0

0

2

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0
1

0
0

0
1

0
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

/
0

Colorado
ComCor, Inc.b
Crowley County Correctional Facility
(CSC)
Phoenix Center

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

Connecticut
Cochegan House (Connections)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Florida
Bay County Jail and Annex (CCA)
Moore Haven Correctional Facility
(GEO)
South Bay Correctional Facility (GEO)

1

1

0

0

1

0

1

0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

0
0

0
1

0
0

Georgia
Wheeler Correctional Facility (CCA)c

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

Indiana
Volunteers of America of Indiana (VOA)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Kentucky
Lee Adjustment Center (CORC)

2

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

Louisiana
Allen Correctional Center (GEO)

3

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mississippi
Delta Correctional Facility (CCA)
East Mississippi Correctional
Facility (GEO)a

3

0

1

2

/

/

/

/

New Jersey
Hope Hall (VOA)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

New Mexico
Guadalupe County Correctional Facilty
(GEO)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Ohio
Lake Erie Correctional
Institution (MTC)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

13

2

10

1

/

/

/

/

1

1

0

0

/

/

/

/

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Oklahoma
Cimarron Correctional Facility (CCA)
Diamondback Correctional Facility
(CCA)a
Pennsylvania
George W. Hill Correctional Facility
(GEO)a
Tennessee
Hardeman County Correctional Center
(CCA)
Metro Davidson County Detention
Facility (CCA)
South Central Correctional Center
(CORC)

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

31

Appendix table 3b (continued). Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported in private prisons and jails, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubSubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated Unfounded Allegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded
Texas
Big Spring Community Cor. Center (Cornell)a
Bradshaw State Jail (CORC)
Bridgeport Pre-Parole Facility (CCA)a
Dawson State Jail (CCA)a
Houston/Reid Community Cor. Facility
(Cornell)
Limestone County Detention Center
(CiviGenics)a
Lockhart Pre-Parole Facility (GEO)c
Mineral Wells Pre-Parole Facility (CCA)
Willacy County State Jail (CCA)
Virgina
Lawrenceville Correctional Center (CCA)

2
1
0
1

0
1
0
0

2
0
0
0

0
0
0
1

/
0
/
/

/
0
/
/

/
0
/
/

/
0
/
/

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

/
/
0
1

/
/
0
0

/
/
0
1

/
/
0
0

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

Note: The total number of allegations includes ongoing investigations (not shown).
Abbreviations or acronyms of private corporations:
CCA - Corrections Corporation of America.
CiviGenics - CiviGenics Corporation.
Connections - The Connections Incorporated.
CORC - Corrections Corporation.
CSC - Correctional Services Corporation.
Cornell - Cornell Companies, Incorporated.
GEO - Global Expertise in Outsourcing.
MTC - Management and Training Corporation.
VOA - Volunteers of America.
/Not reported.
a
Reports of staff sexual misconduct may include reports of staff sexual harassment.
bReports of staff sexual misconduct are based on substantiated allegations only.
cReports of staff sexual misconduct are not recorded in a central database.

32 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

Appendix table 4a. Allegations of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported in other correctional facilities, by type, 2005

Jurisdiction
and facility
Total
U.S. Military
Air Force
Army
Marines
Navy
U.S. Immigration and
Customs Enforcement
Aguadilla, PR*
Aurora, CO
Batavia, NY
El Centro, CA
Elizabeth, NJ
El Paso, TX
Florence, AZ*
Houston, TX
Laredo, TX
Los Fresnos, TX
Miami, FL*
San Diego, CA
San Pedro, CA*
Tacoma, WA
Jails in Indian Country
Gila River Dept. of Cor.
and Rehab., AZ
Hopi Rehabilitation Center, AZ
Red Lake Law Enforcement Services, MN
Rosebud Sioux Tribe Law
Enforcement, SD
Supai Jail, AZ
White Mountain Apache Police
Dept., AZ
Zuni Detention Facility, NM

Average
daily
population,
2005

Reported inmate-on-inmate
nonconsensual sexual acts
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated stantiated Unfounded

Reported inmate-on-inmate
abusive sexual contacts
SubUnsubAllegations stantiated stantiated Unfounded

9,547

2

0

0

2

1

1

0

0

120
1,113
631
730

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

5
15
454
480
350
624
343
820
260
600
580
1,119
393
496

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1

/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
/
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
/
0
/
0

152
66

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

56

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

39
11

1
0

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

65
25

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

Note: The total number of allegations includes ongoing investigations (not shown).
/Not reported.
*Allegations of abusive sexual contacts could not be counted separately from allegations of nonconsensual sexual acts.

Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005

33

Appendix table 4b. Allegations of staff sexual misconduct with inmates reported in other correctional facilities, by type, 2005
Reported allegations of staff
Reported allegations of staff
sexual misconduct with inmates
sexual harassment of inmates
SubUnsubSubUnsubAllegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded Allegations stantiated
stantiated
Unfounded
Total
U.S. Military
Air Force
Army
Marines
Navy
U.S. Immigration and
Customs Enforcement
Aguadilla, PR*
Aurora, CO
Batavia, NY
El Centro, CA
Elizabeth, NJ
El Paso, TX
Florence, AZ
Houston, TX
Laredo, TX
Los Fresnos, TX
Miami, FL*
San Diego, CA
San Pedro, CA
Tacoma, WA
Jails in Indian Country
Gila River Dept. of Cor.
and Rehab., AZ
Hopi Rehabilitation Center, AZ
Red Lake Law Enforcement Services, MN
Rosebud Sioux Tribe Law Enforcement, SD
Supai Jail, AZ
White Mountain Apache Police
Deprt., AZ
Zuni Detention Facility, NM

14

4

4

5

5

2

1

1

0
2
3
2

0
0
0
1

0
1
0
1

0
1
3
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
/
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0

/
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
0
0
0

2
0

0
0

2
0

0
0

2
0

2
0

0
0

0
0

2

1

0

1

1

0

0

1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
0

1
0

0
0

1
0

1
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

Note: The total number of allegations includes ongoing investigations (not shown).
/Not reported.
*Reports of staff sexual misconduct may include reports of staff sexual harassment.

34 Sexual Violence Reported by Correctional Authorities, 2005