M26 Field Report Analysis Report, Taser Intl, 2003
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ADVANCED TASER M26 Field Report Analysis 2,690 Field Applications May 1, 2003 Statistical Analysis Number of Reports Lives Saved 2690 348 Success Rate:* 94.3% Success is defined that the use of the ADVANCED TASER was sufficient to bring the force confrontation to successful conclusion without any additional or alternative force used. Lives saved were based on the judgment of the reviewer “would the suspect likely have lost his life had the TASER not been present.” Success Rate Against Subjects Under Influence Influence # Success # Failed Rate 28 1 96.55% PCP Cocaine 104 8 92.86% Alcohol 1054 60 94.61% 110 5 95.65% 58 6 90.63% 576 43 93.05% Methamphetamines Misc. Drugs Emotionally Disturbed Persons Conclusion: There is no correlation between the presence of narcotics and the effectiveness of the M26. The weapon appears to have consistent efficacy regardless of narcotics. Success Rate By Gender Influence Male Female # Success # Failed Rate Total 2215 153 93.54% 2,368 91% 219 11 95.22% 230 9% Conclusion: There is no correlation between sex and efficacy. The M26 appears equally effective on both genders. Level of Deployment # of Incidents Rate Darts Fired at Subject 1739 64.99% Stun Gun Application 487 18.20% Laser Only 322 12.03% Spark Demo 53 1.98% Unknown 75 2.80% 100.00% The figures above are most likely weighted toward dart deployments. We believe that it is more likely an officer will submit a use of force report when he has fired the cartridge, hence laser presence and spark demonstration incidents are likely to be under-represented. Success Rate By Level of Deployment Level Success # of Incidents Darts Fired at Subject No 126 Darts Fired at Subject Yes 1580 Laser Only No 4 Laser Only Yes 318 Spark Demo No 3 Spark Demo Yes 50 Stun Gun Application No 28 Stun Gun Application Yes 457 Rate 7.39% 92.61% 1.24% 98.76% 5.66% 94.34% 5.77% 94.23% Note: Laser only is shown at 98.76% effective. This is due to the fact that if a laser display is not effective in gaining compliance, the officer will usually escalate to firing darts or using the stun gun. Hence, the only time a laser only display is listed as unsuccessful is when the officer displays the laser, then elects to discontinue with the TASER and transition to another force option. An example would be an officer using the laser display on a female who declares she is pregnant, at which point the officer may decide that a chemical spray is a better choice given the potential adverse consequences of a fall. Success Rate By Distance of Deployment Distance Success # of Incidents 1-3 Feet No 13 1-3 Feet Yes 176 3-7 Feet No 39 3-7 Feet Yes 578 7-11 Feet No 35 7-11 Feet Yes 497 11-15 Feet No 26 11-15 Feet Yes 235 15-21 Feet No 8 15-21 Feet Yes 48 Unknown No 18 Unknown Yes 454 Success Rate 6.88% 93.12% 6.32% 93.68% 6.58% 93.42% 9.96% 90.04% 14.29% 85.71% 3.81% 96.19% Totals % 189 11% 617 37% 532 32% 261 16% 56 3% 100% 1,655 Conclusion: The most common firing ranges are in the 3-11 foot range (69% of firings). The reported effectiveness does appear to drop off slightly beyond 15 feet. We would anticipate this would be a combination of more misses, and perhaps less clothing penetration due to lower impact energy. Injury Statistics Officer Injuries in TASER incidents Injury Number of Level Incidents Unknown 185 None / Minor 2494 Moderate 8 Severe 3 2505 Suspect Injuries in TASER incidents Injury Number of Level Incidents Unknown 280 None / Minor 2348 Moderate 45 Severe 17 2410 % N.A. 99.56% 0.32% 0.12% 100.00% % N.A. 97.43% 1.87% 0.71% 100.00% The injury rate to officers involved in reported TASER confrontations are experiencing an injury rate of less than 0.5%. Similarly, suspects are also found to have an injury rate of less than 3%. Considering the types of scenarios where the TASER is employed, these low injury rates should be considered a dramatic advancement in both officer and suspect safety. M26 Weapon Statistics Number of Shots Fired # of Shots Unknown 0 1 2 2D 3 4 5 # of Incidents 684 22 1534 113 90 21 7 1 1788 NA 1.23% 85.79% 6.32% 5.03% 1.17% 0.39% 0.06% 100.00% 85.79% of deployments require only one shot from the M26. It is interesting to note that, if a second shot is required, it is almost equally likely to come from a second M26 on scene as from a reload in the original unit. This data supports the usefulness of having multiple M26 weapons on scene. Number of Probes That Hit Subject When Probes Fired # of Probes In Subject # of Incidents % Unknown 76 N.A. 1 101 7.62% 2 1218 91.92% 3 5 0.38% 4 1 0.08% 1325 100.00% 91.92% of the time, there are two probes in the suspect. Given that 86% of M26 confrontations involve only one discharge, this data indicates that the rate of both probes adhering to the target is high. Failure Causes Descrption Clothing Unknown Low Nerve / Muscle Location Miss Single Dart Weapon Problem Cartridge Failure Low Battery Operator Error Door Closed Decided not to use Animal Use Dropped / Broken Propped Up # Incidents 43 33 29 24 20 8 7 6 6 4 4 4 3 2 193 % of failures 22.3% 17.1% 15.0% 12.4% 10.4% 4.1% 3.6% 3.1% 3.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 1.6% 1.0% % of all 1.60% 1.23% 1.08% 0.89% 0.74% 0.30% 0.26% 0.22% 0.22% 0.15% 0.15% 0.15% 0.11% 0.07% The chart above lists the most likely cause of failure in the cases marked unsuccessful. This includes both probe firings and touch stun applications. The percentage of all uses column is not additive (some incidents have multiple failure issues, hence it would not be accurate to add all failures together as a percentage of total uses). Duration of M26 Discharges Duration Unknown 1 sec 2 sec 3 sec 4 sec 5 sec More than one cycle Total # of Incidents 754 16 38 61 35 914 492 1556 % of known 1% 2% 4% 2% 59% 32% 100% The data seems to support that a five-second discharge is optimal. The 5second discharge is sufficient in 68% of confrontations. However the fact that 32% of incidents require additional discharges, suggests that shortening the cycle would not be recommended. The performance of the automated 5-second burst appears to be fairly optimized. Location of M26 Uses Location Indoor Jail / Hospital Outdoor Total # of Incidents 667 304 1496 2467 27% 12% 61% 100% M26 Incidents: Subject Statistics Ages of Subjects Age 10-18 19-40 41-60 61+ # of Incidents 183 1794 477 19 2473 % 7.40% 72.54% 19.29% 0.77% 100.00% The M26 is being safely applied across a broad age range. Analysis of Call Types Call Type Violent Resisting Arrest Suicide Civil Disturbance Barricade Serve Warrant Officer Assault Success 770 770 422 371 144 152 144 Fail Success% 62 92.5% 67 92.0% 19 95.7% 21 94.6% 8 94.7% 8 95.0% 15 90.6% Total % of Total 832 28.0% 837 28.2% 441 14.8% 392 13.2% 152 5.1% 160 5.4% 159 5.3% 2973 100.0% The M26 is performing above 90% across all call type categories. Of particular interest is the fact that 15% of M26 uses involve suicidal persons. Analysis of Suspect Force Level Suspect Force Success Verbal Non-Comp 906 Active Aggression 792 Defensive Resist 707 Deadly Assault 76 Fail 45 51 51 3 % 95.3% 94.0% 93.3% 96.2% Total % of Total 951 36.1% 843 32.0% 758 28.8% 79 3.0% 2631 100.0% Analysis of Suspect Weapons Suspect Weapon Success None 2041 Edged Weapon 321 Firearm 96 Blunt Force 58 Fail 131 11 6 5 % 94.0% 96.7% 94.1% 92.1% Total % of Total 2172 83.3% 332 12.7% 102 3.9% 63 2.4% 2606 100.0%